Integrating IoT and fuzzy logic for intelligent irrigation in sustainable agriculture for improving water scarcity: Benefits and challenges

Abstract

Modern agriculture faces significant challenges related to water scarcity and the impacts of climate change. To ensure crop sustainability and food security, irrigation systems must be optimized. Fuzzy logic and the Internet of Things (IoT) are two cutting-edge approaches to intelligent irrigation management that adjust water delivery to plants' real needs. Conventional irrigation techniques are wasteful and ineffective. Fuzzy logic and the IoT have exciting opportunities, but integrating them presents difficulties, especially (1) concerning implementation, (2) cost, and (3) data security. In light of water shortage, food security, and sustainable development issues, this proposed article examines how IoT and fuzzy logic might be used to create smart irrigation systems. It evaluates contemporary methods for optimizing water management using fuzzy logic and the IoT, as well as the effects of climate change on irrigation. While addressing the challenges of installation costs, implementation complexity, communication reliability, and data security, the proposed review highlights the benefits of these technologies, including reduced water consumption, increased agricultural yields, automation, and environmental adaptability. The main topics of this review's final section, including the integration of new, cutting-edge technology, enhanced decision-making models, and the adoption of sustainable solutions for more resilient and effective agriculture, also address potential directions for future research. importance of the research. Due to water constraints and climate change, this study highlights the importance of intelligent irrigation systems. It showcases creative methods to maximize water management and raise agricultural productivity by fusing IoT with fuzzy logic.