Magnetic Kirigami Metasurfaces with Reprogrammed Multifunctionalities

Abstract

Kirigami metasurfaces are two-dimensional engineered structures that leverage the principles of kirigami, the art of paper cutting, to create reconfigurable properties, such as selective transmission tunability, tunable refractive index, and shape-morphing. Although existing kirigami metasurfaces show applications in electromagnetic wave modulation, light and droplet manipulation, crawling locomotion, and actuators, their functionality remains limited, particularly at the nanoscale. Furthermore, reconfiguration of these systems is typically restricted to tethered methods such as mechanical stretching or wired electrical inputs. In this work, magnetic kirigami metasurfaces (MKMs) with multifunctional capabilities enabled by reprogramming the magnetization patterns are reported. Unlike tethered approaches, MKMs can perform diverse tasks wirelessly in response to external magnetic fields. We demonstrate three key functions of MKMs: reprogrammable pattern display for information encryption, controllable light manipulation, including modulation of transmittance, reflection, structural coloration, and fluorescence, and versatile droplet manipulation that enables droplet pattern generation, selective capture and release, encryptable printing, and formation of patterned arrays of nanoparticles. This work provides insights for designing wireless, multifunctional kirigami devices in diverse applications and even in nanoscience.