Regulation of hydrogen evolution reaction and dendrite growth by multifunctional additive for Zn-ion batteries

IF 7.4 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Science China Materials Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI:10.1007/s40843-025-3532-0

Zihao Yin (, ), Xiaoying Yan (, ), Yingjie Liu (, ), Zepeng Gao (, ), Zhengyu Li (, ), Zhenbo Qin (, ), Jinfeng Zhang (, ), Zhong Wu (, ), Wenbin Hu (, )

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered a promising candidate for replacing lithium-ion batteries in electrochemical energy storage applications. However, the commercial application of ZIBs is severely hindered due to dendritic growth, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of Zn anodes, leading to low Coulombic efficiency (CE), short cycle life, and reduced capacity. Herein, a cationic surfactant of polyquaternium-7 (PQ-7) is employed as a multifunctional electrolyte additive to address the issues. Combining experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, it can be found that PQ-7 is adsorbed at the initial tip position on Zn anodes to shield H₂O molecules, thus inhibiting HER. Such competitive adsorption behavior with Zn²⁺ could also mitigate the tip effect to promote uniform deposition instead of Zn dendrite during cycling. Due to the introduction of PQ-7, symmetric Zn∥Zn cells deliver ultrahigh cycling stability over 2117 h (5 mA cm⁻², 1 mAh cm⁻²). Meanwhile, the Zn∥Ti cell demonstrates a CE over 98% after 240 cycles. Furthermore, Zn∥MnO₂ batteries could afford a high-capacity retention of 92.1% after 1000 cycles at 1 C. Even at 5 C, the batteries could still retain 80% capacity after 1000 cycles.

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多功能添加剂对锌离子电池析氢反应和枝晶生长的调控

水溶液锌离子电池（zib）被认为是电化学储能领域替代锂离子电池的有前途的候选材料。然而，由于锌阳极的枝晶生长、析氢反应（HER），导致库仑效率（CE）低、循环寿命短、容量降低，严重阻碍了ZIBs的商业化应用。本文采用阳离子表面活性剂聚季铵盐-7 （PQ-7）作为多功能电解质添加剂来解决这一问题。结合实验测量和理论计算，可以发现PQ-7在初始尖端位置吸附在Zn阳极上，屏蔽H2O分子，从而抑制HER。这种与Zn2+的竞争吸附行为也可以缓解尖端效应，促进均匀沉积，而不是在循环过程中形成Zn枝晶。由于引入了PQ-7，对称Zn∥锌电池提供了超过2117 h （5 mA cm - 2, 1 mAh cm - 2）的超高循环稳定性。同时，经过240次循环后，Zn∥Ti电池的CE大于98%。此外，在1℃条件下，Zn∥MnO2电池在1000次循环后仍能保持92.1%的高容量，即使在5℃条件下，电池在1000次循环后仍能保持80%的容量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science China Materials Materials Science-General Materials Science

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

7.40%

发文量

949

期刊介绍： Science China Materials (SCM) is a globally peer-reviewed journal that covers all facets of materials science. It is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The journal is jointly published monthly in both printed and electronic forms by Science China Press and Springer. The aim of SCM is to encourage communication of high-quality, innovative research results at the cutting-edge interface of materials science with chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. It focuses on breakthroughs from around the world and aims to become a world-leading academic journal for materials science.