A Terahertz Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor for Enhanced Protein Level Detection

IF 4.3 4区物理与天体物理 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Plasmonics Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI:10.1007/s11468-025-03070-9

Dana N. Alhamss, Abdulkarem H. M. Almawgani, Adam R. H. Alhawari, Malek G. Daher, Sofyan A. Taya, Yousif S. Adam, Hussein S. Gumaih, Anurag Upadhyay, Shivam Singh

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Abstract

Proteins play a crucial role in tissue formation and repair, making their accurate detection essential for biomedical applications. This study presents a square-core photonic crystal fiber sensor (SCPCFS) designed for the sensitive detection of protein concentrations in aqueous solutions. Zeonex is selected as the background material due to its superior optical characteristics in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. Operating within the 0.8–2.2 THz band, the sensor achieves high relative sensitivity at 1.6 THz, with values of 97.667%, 98.33%, 98.781%, 99.072%, and 99.242% corresponding to protein concentrations of 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75%, respectively. The associated confinement loss values are notably low—4.56, 9.89, 2.26, 5.87, and 2.25 cm⁻¹—indicating minimal signal attenuation. Furthermore, the SCPCFS demonstrates excellent performance across other key optical metrics. Its simple geometric structure facilitates fabrication using current technologies. These features highlight the sensor’s potential for reliable, real-time, and highly sensitive protein concentration monitoring in biomedical and biochemical applications.

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一种用于增强蛋白质水平检测的太赫兹光子晶体光纤传感器

蛋白质在组织形成和修复中起着至关重要的作用，使其准确检测对生物医学应用至关重要。本研究提出了一种方形芯光子晶体光纤传感器（SCPCFS），用于水溶液中蛋白质浓度的灵敏检测。由于Zeonex在太赫兹（THz）频率范围内具有优越的光学特性，因此选择Zeonex作为背景材料。在0.8-2.2 THz波段内，传感器在1.6 THz处具有较高的相对灵敏度，当蛋白质浓度为15%、30%、45%、60%和75%时，相对灵敏度分别为97.667%、98.33%、98.781%、99.072%和99.242%。相关的限制损失值非常低——4.56、9.89、2.26、5.87和2.25 cm——这表明信号衰减最小。此外，SCPCFS在其他关键光学指标上表现出优异的性能。其简单的几何结构便于使用当前技术进行制造。这些特点突出了传感器在生物医学和生化应用中可靠、实时和高灵敏度蛋白质浓度监测的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plasmonics 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.70%

发文量

164

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： Plasmonics is an international forum for the publication of peer-reviewed leading-edge original articles that both advance and report our knowledge base and practice of the interactions of free-metal electrons, Plasmons. Topics covered include notable advances in the theory, Physics, and applications of surface plasmons in metals, to the rapidly emerging areas of nanotechnology, biophotonics, sensing, biochemistry and medicine. Topics, including the theory, synthesis and optical properties of noble metal nanostructures, patterned surfaces or materials, continuous or grated surfaces, devices, or wires for their multifarious applications are particularly welcome. Typical applications might include but are not limited to, surface enhanced spectroscopic properties, such as Raman scattering or fluorescence, as well developments in techniques such as surface plasmon resonance and near-field scanning optical microscopy.