Improve wear resistance CoCrFeMnNiTix/WC high entropy alloy-ceramic composite coatings with hybrid ex/in-situ multi-scale reinforcement phase fabricating by laser cladding

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.268

Hao Liu , Dali Li , Dexi Wu , Wenqin Wang , Sining Pan , Peijian Chen , Xiuli He , Gang Yu , Tong Zhang

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Abstract

To improve the hardness and wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings, laser cladding (LC) technology was successfully used to prepare CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy coatings enhanced with multi-scale precipitations phases ranging from the nanometer to micron scale. The microstructure evolution of high entropy alloy matrix was investigated, with increasing Ti content, the high-entropy alloy matrix from an FCC solid solution to an FCC + BCC dual-phase structure. Simultaneously, sub-micron (Ti,W)C particles were formed in-situ. The volume fractions of BCC and (Ti,W)C gradually increase, and the (Ti,W)C particles exhibit aggregation, while the degree of WC melting increases. Specifically, in the CoCrFeMnNiTi1/WC coating, a very fine lamellar eutectic structure composed of alternating FCC and BCC phases was observed, with a layer spacing of 100–170 nm. In this coating, the interface relationship between high-entropy alloy matrix and (Ti,W)C was identified as a semi-coherent interface, with the orientation relationship between (Ti,W)C and FCC being (100)(Ti,W)C//(

\bar{1} \bar{1} 0

)FCC and (020)(Ti,W)C//(

\bar{1} \bar{1} 1

)FCC, with an interface energy of 0.71 J/m². In local areas of CoCrFeMnNiTi₁/WC coating, a rod-like eutectic structure and nanoscale BCC phase precipitation were observed. Furthermore, as the Ti content increased, the mechanical properties of the coating were significantly enhanced. The mechanical properties of the coatings are enhanced through a combination of multiple strengthening mechanisms. Compared to other coatings, the CoCrFeNiMnTi_1.5/WC coating exhibits the highest microhardness (622.5 HV_0.3) and the smallest wear volume of 6.16 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m), demonstrating the best wear resistance.

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激光熔覆制备CoCrFeMnNiTix/WC高熵合金-陶瓷复合涂层提高耐磨性

为了提高高熵合金涂层的硬度和耐磨性，采用激光熔覆（LC）技术成功制备了CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金涂层，该涂层具有纳米到微米尺度的多析出相。研究了高熵合金基体的显微组织演变，随着Ti含量的增加，高熵合金基体由FCC固溶体向FCC + BCC双相组织转变。同时，原位形成亚微米级（Ti，W）C颗粒。随着WC熔化程度的增加，BCC和（Ti，W）C的体积分数逐渐增大，（Ti，W）C颗粒呈聚集状。具体而言，在CoCrFeMnNiTi1/WC涂层中，观察到由FCC相和BCC相交替组成的非常精细的层状共晶结构，层间距为100-170 nm。在该涂层中，高熵合金基体与（Ti，W）C的界面关系为半相干界面，（Ti，W）C与FCC的取向关系为（100）（Ti，W）C//(1¯1¯0)FCC和（020）（Ti，W）C//(1¯1¯1)FCC，界面能为0.71 J/m2。在CoCrFeMnNiTi1/WC涂层的局部区域，观察到棒状共晶结构和纳米级BCC相析出。此外，随着Ti含量的增加，涂层的力学性能显著增强。涂层的力学性能是通过多种强化机制的结合而增强的。与其他涂层相比，CoCrFeNiMnTi1.5/WC涂层具有最高的显微硬度（622.5 HV0.3）和最小的磨损体积（6.16 × 10−6 mm3/(N·m)），具有最佳的耐磨性。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.