Effect of internal moisture on self-heating properties of smart cement composites

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.263

Maksymilian Frąc , Paulina Szołdra , Waldemar Pichór

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Abstract

The paper investigates the effect of moisture on the self-heating properties of smart cement composites with the addition of expanded graphite (EG), which is very important in terms of practical use of these composites. For this purpose, a series of cement pastes with different graphite content were made. Self-heating tests were conducted on prepared cement pastes with different water content. In these tests, the surface temperature was measured during 1000 s. The maximum temperature of the composites, the power per area, and the heating rate were determined. Cyclic heating of the composite to 40 °C was also carried out. Additionally, impedance spectroscopy (IS) was applied to analyze electrical properties to determine the reason for the deterioration of the self-heating properties. The study showed that the self-heating properties of composites with expanded graphite deteriorate with increasing moisture. The maximum temperature, heating rate and power of the composites decrease with increasing water content in matrix. The self-heating properties deteriorate for composites with EG content both in the percolation range and above the percolation threshold. The IS analysis of the results suggests that the deterioration of the self-heating properties is probably due to polarization phenomena occurring when a DC voltage supply. The obtained results are crucial for the practical application of cement composites as resistive heating elements, particularly for outdoor applications.

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内部水分对智能水泥复合材料自热性能的影响

本文研究了膨胀石墨（EG）的加入对智能水泥复合材料自热性能的影响，这对智能水泥复合材料的实际应用具有重要意义。为此，研制了一系列不同石墨含量的水泥浆体。对配制的水泥浆体进行了不同含水量的自热试验。在这些试验中，在1000秒内测量表面温度。测定了复合材料的最高温度、单位面积功率和升温速率。将复合材料循环加热至40℃。此外，利用阻抗谱（IS）分析了材料的电学性能，确定了自热性能恶化的原因。研究表明，膨胀石墨复合材料的自热性能随着含水率的增加而变差。复合材料的最高温度、升温速率和功率随基体含水量的增加而降低。EG含量在渗透范围内和超过渗透阈值时，复合材料的自热性能都变差。对结果的IS分析表明，自热性能的恶化可能是由于直流电压供电时发生极化现象所致。所获得的结果对于水泥复合材料作为电阻加热元件的实际应用至关重要，特别是在室外应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.