Construction of a benzindole-based fluorescent probe with high anti-interference capability for viscosity sensing in complex environments

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113196

Xiaolei Wang , Shuhang Wang , Jindong Ai , Litong Miao , Mingguang Ren , Shoujuan Wang , Fangong Kong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Viscosity, a key parameter regulating the cellular microenvironment, is closely linked to various complex physiological and pathological processes. In the design of viscosity probes, indole groups are often selected as electron-withdrawing groups due to their suitable electronic properties. However, traditional indole-based viscosity-responsive fluorescent probes have poor stability, small Stokes shifts, and weak anti-interference, hampering specific detection of viscosity changes in complex cellular microenvironments. To address these limitations, we optimized the structure of the traditional indole group and report a p-benzindole-based viscosity fluorescence probe MTPA-WY, which exhibits excellent viscosity-responsive optical properties, with a fluorescence intensity enhancement of approximately 30-fold at 657 nm, a large Stokes shift up to 131 nm, and excellent anti-interference capability against HClO, H₂S. Additionally, cytotoxicity assays and colocalization experiments confirmed the probe's excellent biocompatibility and mitochondrial targeting. This probe enables selective monitoring of viscosity fluctuations and long-term dynamic imaging in living cells, while demonstrating exceptional resistance to interference from various microenvironmental interferents, such as HClO, H₂S and other reactive species. Compared to traditional indole-based probes, MTPA-WY overcomes inherent limitations through structural optimization and provides a new tool for studying viscosity-related disease mechanisms in the mitochondrial microenvironment.

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基于苯并吲哚的高抗干扰荧光探针的构建，用于复杂环境下的粘度传感

黏度是调节细胞微环境的关键参数，与各种复杂的生理病理过程密切相关。在粘度探针的设计中，通常选用吲哚基团作为吸电子基团，因为它们具有合适的电子性质。然而，传统的基于吲哚的粘度响应荧光探针稳定性差，Stokes位移小，抗干扰能力弱，阻碍了复杂细胞微环境中粘度变化的特异性检测。为了解决这些限制，我们优化了传统吲哚基团的结构，并报道了一种基于对苯并吲哚的粘度荧光探针mtfa - wy，该探针具有优异的粘度响应光学性能，在657 nm处荧光强度增强约30倍，最大Stokes位移达131 nm，并且具有优异的抗HClO， H2S的抗干扰能力。此外，细胞毒性实验和共定位实验证实了该探针具有良好的生物相容性和线粒体靶向性。该探针能够选择性地监测活细胞的粘度波动和长期动态成像，同时表现出对各种微环境干扰（如HClO， H2S和其他活性物质）干扰的卓越抵抗能力。与传统的吲哚探针相比，MTPA-WY通过结构优化克服了固有的局限性，为研究线粒体微环境中与粘度相关的疾病机制提供了新的工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Dyes and Pigments 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

13.30%

发文量

933

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Dyes and Pigments covers the scientific and technical aspects of the chemistry and physics of dyes, pigments and their intermediates. Emphasis is placed on the properties of the colouring matters themselves rather than on their applications or the system in which they may be applied. Thus the journal accepts research and review papers on the synthesis of dyes, pigments and intermediates, their physical or chemical properties, e.g. spectroscopic, surface, solution or solid state characteristics, the physical aspects of their preparation, e.g. precipitation, nucleation and growth, crystal formation, liquid crystalline characteristics, their photochemical, ecological or biological properties and the relationship between colour and chemical constitution. However, papers are considered which deal with the more fundamental aspects of colourant application and of the interactions of colourants with substrates or media. The journal will interest a wide variety of workers in a range of disciplines whose work involves dyes, pigments and their intermediates, and provides a platform for investigators with common interests but diverse fields of activity such as cosmetics, reprographics, dye and pigment synthesis, medical research, polymers, etc.