Effects of fluttering plaques on the pressure drop waveform of stenotic flow

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112931

Donghyeon Jang, Woorak Choi

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Abstract

The morphological vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques, such as fluttering motion under pulsatile flow, poses diagnostic challenges in conventional fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. In this study, we investigate the hemodynamic impact of a fluttering plaque using a physical model of mild (40%) stenosis with and without an elastic plaque under stenotic flow. High-speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) and differential pressure measurements were employed to characterize flow patterns and pressure drop waveforms. While both models produced comparable time-averaged pressure drops, the Fluttering Plaque model exhibited extended recirculation zones, and elevated root-mean-square (RMS) fluctuations in pressure drop waveforms. The effects of the fluttering plaque on the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) provides insight into the observed results. Our findings suggest that waveform-derived metrics, particularly the RMS amplitude of pressure drop fluctuations, may serve as novel hemodynamic indicators for detecting vulnerable plaques that remain undetected by time-averaged indices such as FFR.

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颤振斑块对狭窄血流压降波形的影响

动脉粥样硬化斑块的形态学脆弱性，如脉动血流下的颤振运动，对传统的分数血流储备（FFR）评估提出了诊断挑战。在本研究中，我们使用轻度（40%）狭窄伴和不伴弹性斑块的物理模型研究了狭窄血流下颤振斑块的血流动力学影响。采用高速颗粒图像测速（PIV）和压差测量来表征流型和压降波形。虽然两种模型都产生了相当的时间平均压降，但颤振斑块模型显示出更大的再循环区域，压降波形的均方根（RMS）波动更高。颤振斑块对湍流动能（TKE）分布的影响为观察结果提供了新的见解。我们的研究结果表明，波形衍生的指标，特别是压降波动的均方根幅值，可以作为检测易损斑块的新的血流动力学指标，而这些易损斑块是时间平均指数（如FFR）无法检测到的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of biomechanics 生物-工程：生物医学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

4.20%

发文量

345

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Biomechanics publishes reports of original and substantial findings using the principles of mechanics to explore biological problems. Analytical, as well as experimental papers may be submitted, and the journal accepts original articles, surveys and perspective articles (usually by Editorial invitation only), book reviews and letters to the Editor. The criteria for acceptance of manuscripts include excellence, novelty, significance, clarity, conciseness and interest to the readership. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in biomechanics, including, but not limited to: -Fundamental Topics - Biomechanics of the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, mechanics of hard and soft tissues, biofluid mechanics, mechanics of prostheses and implant-tissue interfaces, mechanics of cells. -Cardiovascular and Respiratory Biomechanics - Mechanics of blood-flow, air-flow, mechanics of the soft tissues, flow-tissue or flow-prosthesis interactions. -Cell Biomechanics - Biomechanic analyses of cells, membranes and sub-cellular structures; the relationship of the mechanical environment to cell and tissue response. -Dental Biomechanics - Design and analysis of dental tissues and prostheses, mechanics of chewing. -Functional Tissue Engineering - The role of biomechanical factors in engineered tissue replacements and regenerative medicine. -Injury Biomechanics - Mechanics of impact and trauma, dynamics of man-machine interaction. -Molecular Biomechanics - Mechanical analyses of biomolecules. -Orthopedic Biomechanics - Mechanics of fracture and fracture fixation, mechanics of implants and implant fixation, mechanics of bones and joints, wear of natural and artificial joints. -Rehabilitation Biomechanics - Analyses of gait, mechanics of prosthetics and orthotics. -Sports Biomechanics - Mechanical analyses of sports performance.