Ferroconcrete-inspired design of a robust and efficient flame-retardant cellulose composite for fire prevention

IF 14.2 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112966

Ming Li , Xialian Xiao , Shuang Liu , Yibao Li , Bin Wang , Yali Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The development of efficient flame-retardant cellulose-based materials has garnered significant research interest. Inspired by reinforced concrete, a robust and efficient flame-retardant modified cellulose-based composite for fire prevention was developed. The material consists of oriented cellulose fibers in bamboo as the ‘reinforcing steel’ and impregnated ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) containing epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the ‘concrete’, which are tightly bonded together by multiple interactions under hot-pressing. Compared to the baseline PBA material, the PBA-P₃N composite exhibited a 112.8 % increase in tensile stress, reaching 247.1 MPa, and a 77.7 % increase in strain, achieving 13.2 %. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the composite reached 46.9 %. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) values of the composite were 97.0 kW/m² and 8.8 MJ/m² respectively, which were reduced by 64.0 % and 45.9 %. The functional composite could still show self-extinguishing properties after being kept in the flame for 40 s. Under flame attack, the flame-retardant composite was capable of protecting underlying flammable materials for up to 15 s. The developed flame-retardant material exhibits excellent fire resistance and holds promise for application in specialized environments to enhance the fire safety of flammable products.

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钢筋混凝土启发设计的坚固和有效的防火阻燃纤维素复合材料

高效阻燃纤维素基材料的开发引起了人们极大的研究兴趣。受钢筋混凝土的启发，开发了一种坚固高效的阻燃改性纤维素基防火复合材料。该材料由竹中定向纤维素纤维作为“钢筋”和浸渍聚磷酸铵（APP）和含环氧氯丙烷（ECH）的聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）作为“混凝土”组成，它们在热压作用下通过多种相互作用紧密结合在一起。与基准PBA材料相比，PBA- p3n复合材料的拉伸应力增加了112.8%，达到247.1 MPa，应变增加了77.7%，达到13.2%。复合材料的极限氧指数（LOI）达到46.9%。复合材料的峰值放热率（pHRR）和总放热率（THR）分别为97.0 kW/m2和8.8 MJ/m2，分别降低了64.0%和45.9%。该功能复合材料在火焰中保存40 s后仍能表现出自熄特性。在火焰攻击下，阻燃复合材料能够保护底层易燃材料长达15秒。开发的阻燃材料具有优异的耐火性，有望在特殊环境中应用，以提高易燃产品的防火安全性。

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来源期刊

Composites Part B: Engineering 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

24.40

自引率

11.50%

发文量

784

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： Composites Part B: Engineering is a journal that publishes impactful research of high quality on composite materials. This research is supported by fundamental mechanics and materials science and engineering approaches. The targeted research can cover a wide range of length scales, ranging from nano to micro and meso, and even to the full product and structure level. The journal specifically focuses on engineering applications that involve high performance composites. These applications can range from low volume and high cost to high volume and low cost composite development. The main goal of the journal is to provide a platform for the prompt publication of original and high quality research. The emphasis is on design, development, modeling, validation, and manufacturing of engineering details and concepts. The journal welcomes both basic research papers and proposals for review articles. Authors are encouraged to address challenges across various application areas. These areas include, but are not limited to, aerospace, automotive, and other surface transportation. The journal also covers energy-related applications, with a focus on renewable energy. Other application areas include infrastructure, off-shore and maritime projects, health care technology, and recreational products.