Impact of China Europe Railway Express operation on green total factor productivity and spatial spillover effect in Chinese cities

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.103763

Yan Li, Cong Wang, Xinxin Xia, Qingbo Huang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Green total factor productivity (GTFP) is a core indicator for measuring high-quality urban development, and improving urban GTFP is key to enhancing the quality and sustainability of urban development. As an important channel for trade between China, Central Asia, and Europe, the opening and operation of the China Europe Railway Express (CRE) have significantly impacted China's urban development. This study focuses on the impact of the opening of the CRE on the GTFP of node cities. Using data from 274 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020, the multiperiod difference-in-difference (DID) method and spatial DID method are used to investigate the impact of regularly operated node cities after the opening of CRE on urban GTFP. We use all operated node cities (including regularly and not regularly operations cities) and not regularly operated node cities as control group. The results reveal that, the regularly operated node cities of CRE has significantly promoted the GTFP of Chinese cities, but heterogeneity exists in city type, city size, and region. From a spatial perspective,the regularly operated node cities have a siphon effect on surrounding cities, but no effect on adjacent cities. Notably, the siphon effect extends in 700 km, and competition with other cities emerges between 800 km and 1200 km. Mechanism analysis reveals that urban foreign trade and industrial agglomeration (IA) within cities can improve the GTFP of node cities through the moderating effect of CRE. However, IA itself has an inhibitory effect on urban GTFP. Our results reveal the impact of CRE's operation on the GTFP of Chinese cities and provide some suggestions for cities that will be opening the CRE to improve their GTFP.

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中欧班列运营对中国城市绿色全要素生产率的影响及空间溢出效应

绿色全要素生产率（GTFP）是衡量城市高质量发展的核心指标，提高城市全要素生产率是提高城市发展质量和可持续性的关键。作为中国、中亚和欧洲之间重要的贸易通道，中欧班列的开通和运营对中国的城市发展产生了重大影响。本文主要研究中心开放对节点城市GTFP的影响。利用2006 - 2020年中国274个地级市的数据，采用多期差分法和空间差分法，研究了商业中心开放后节点城市常态化运营对城市GTFP的影响。我们将所有运营的节点城市（包括定期运营和不定期运营的城市）和不定期运营的节点城市作为对照组。结果表明：商业地产节点城市的常态化运营显著提升了中国城市的GTFP，但在城市类型、城市规模和区域上存在异质性；从空间上看，正常运行的节点城市对周边城市有虹吸效应，但对相邻城市没有影响。值得注意的是，虹吸效应延伸到700公里，与其他城市的竞争出现在800公里至1200公里之间。机制分析表明，城市对外贸易和城市内部产业集聚可以通过CRE的调节作用提高节点城市的GTFP。而IA本身对城市GTFP有抑制作用。研究结果揭示了商业商业中心运营对中国城市GTFP的影响，并为拟开放商业商业中心的城市提高GTFP提供了一些建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transport Policy Multiple-

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

10.30%

发文量

282

期刊介绍： Transport Policy is an international journal aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice in transport. Its subject areas reflect the concerns of policymakers in government, industry, voluntary organisations and the public at large, providing independent, original and rigorous analysis to understand how policy decisions have been taken, monitor their effects, and suggest how they may be improved. The journal treats the transport sector comprehensively, and in the context of other sectors including energy, housing, industry and planning. All modes are covered: land, sea and air; road and rail; public and private; motorised and non-motorised; passenger and freight.