Automatic cavity tuning system design for IMP HIRFL-SSC

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2025.170978

Xiaodong Han , Yan Cong , Zhe Xu , Ruifeng Zhang , Shilong Li , Xin Fu , Xianwu Wang , Yong Feng , Ruihuai Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Separated Sector Cyclotron(SSC) frequency stabilization subsystem is an important component of the SSC radio frequency(RF) stabilization system at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL) of the Institute of Modern Physics(IMP), which is used to ensure that the self-resonant frequency of the RF cavity is aligned with the working frequency during the accelerator working period. The problem of resonant cavity detuning due to thermal deformation, mechanical vibration, and other factors was addressed by adjusting the coupling and matching parameters between the resonant cavity and the transmitter, thereby maximizing power transfer efficiency and ensuring full utilization of the transmitter’s output capability. The SSC RF system has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high-quality factor(

Q

), anisotropic structural cavity, and a non-constant temperature cavity water-cooling system. In this study, the cavity structure was modeled and simulated using CST Studio Suite(CST). An automatic coarse-tuning scheme based on the relative amplitude of the cavity sampling signal and the reference signal, as well as an automatic coarse-fine tuning linkage scheme based on the phase difference were proposed to accomplish cavity tuning. According to the proposed scheme, hardware and software algorithms based on a Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) and the servo motion system were designed and realized. After online testing, this scheme was shown to greatly reduce the workload of manual intervention during the power coupling process and accelerate the cavity startup, compared with the traditional scheme, which only uses the phase difference based on coarse tuning. Additionally, the introduced coarse-fine tuning linkage tuning demonstrated higher tuning accuracy, system stability, and safety than the original tuning system. After long-term online operation, the system ran stably and reliably, with a lower frequency stability less than that of

\pm 7.5 \times 1 0^{- 7}

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IMP HIRFL-SSC自动腔体调谐系统设计

分离扇区回旋加速器（SSC）稳频子系统是现代物理研究所兰州重离子研究所（HIRFL）分离扇区回旋加速器（SSC）射频稳定系统的重要组成部分，用于保证加速器工作期间射频腔的自谐振频率与工作频率对准。通过调整谐振腔与发射机的耦合匹配参数，解决了由于热变形、机械振动等因素导致的谐振腔失谐问题，从而最大限度地提高了功率传输效率，保证了发射机输出能力的充分利用。SSC射频系统具有宽带宽、高质量因数(Q)、各向异性结构腔体和非恒温腔体水冷却系统等特点。在本研究中，使用CST Studio Suite（CST）对空腔结构进行建模和模拟。提出了一种基于空腔采样信号与参考信号相对幅值的自动粗微调方案，以及一种基于相位差的自动粗微调联动方案来完成空腔调谐。根据提出的方案，设计并实现了基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）和伺服运动系统的硬件和软件算法。经在线测试，该方案与仅使用基于粗调谐的相位差的传统方案相比，大大减少了功率耦合过程中人工干预的工作量，加快了腔体启动速度。此外，所引入的粗微调连杆调谐比原调谐系统具有更高的调谐精度、系统稳定性和安全性。经长期在线运行，系统运行稳定可靠，频率稳定度低于±7.5×10−7。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 物理-光谱学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

21.40%

发文量

787

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Section A of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research publishes papers on design, manufacturing and performance of scientific instruments with an emphasis on large scale facilities. This includes the development of particle accelerators, ion sources, beam transport systems and target arrangements as well as the use of secondary phenomena such as synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers. It also includes all types of instrumentation for the detection and spectrometry of radiations from high energy processes and nuclear decays, as well as instrumentation for experiments at nuclear reactors. Specialized electronics for nuclear and other types of spectrometry as well as computerization of measurements and control systems in this area also find their place in the A section. Theoretical as well as experimental papers are accepted.