Advancements towards developing sustainable practices for desert regions: Evaluating the geotourism potential of Punta Willard, Ensenada, Baja California, México

Abstract

This research examined the geoheritage potential of Punta Willard, a coastal area in the northwestern region of the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, with the purpose of identifying and assessing sites of geological, geographical, historical, and archaeological relevance for sustainable geotourism initiatives. A total of thirteen natural features were surveyed and evaluated using a structured methodology that considered criteria such as scientific interest, educational potential, aesthetic appeal, and accessibility. Data collection involved on-site observations, background literature analysis, and expert judgment. The results revealed a broad diversity of features, including marine terraces, fossiliferous outcrops, sedimentary formations, and cultural remains, several of which ranked highly in scientific and educational categories. The richness and variety of these features suggested strong potential for developing low-impact, interpretive geotourism in line with conservation goals. Given the rising demand for nature-based and educational tourism, Punta Willard emerged as a promising destination where tourism could support heritage preservation while fostering local development. This study emphasizes the value of applying geoheritage assessment frameworks to inform land-use planning and tourism management, particularly in regions that are not formally protected but possess significant geoscientific and cultural resources.