Open Wound Healing in Guided Bone Regeneration Using a Magnesium Membrane: A Paradigm Shift

Abstract

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is essential in implant dentistry for managing bone deficiencies. Despite its high success rate, complications like wound dehiscence, membrane exposure, and infection can compromise outcomes. These issues are influenced by patient health, surgical technique, and the implanted biomaterials. Membrane exposure may lead to significant bone loss and jeopardise treatment success. A resorbable magnesium membrane has been recently introduced for GBR, but soft tissue healing complications have not yet been reported. This case series reviews four instances of wound dehiscence to assess its impact on clinical outcomes. Four patients underwent GBR using a magnesium membrane before implant placement. Each followed a similar protocol: defects were filled with bovine and autologous bone, then covered with the magnesium membrane. Membrane exposure occurred in all cases, varying from small to large. However, none experienced pain or signs of infection, and no additional treatment was required. Implant placement proceeded as planned, with no notable bone loss. Despite varying degrees of exposure, the magnesium membrane prevented infection, pain, or significant bone loss. It effectively maintained a barrier between tissues, suggesting its potential to reduce complications from exposure. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings.