The milk metabolome and its potential utilisation for enhanced dairy processing

IF 2.8 2区农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International Journal of Dairy Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1111/1471-0307.70058

Paula Rojas-Gómez, Raghunath Pariyani, Noel A McCarthy, Lorraine M Bateman, James A O'Mahony, Tom F O'Callaghan

{"title":"The milk metabolome and its potential utilisation for enhanced dairy processing","authors":"Paula Rojas-Gómez, Raghunath Pariyani, Noel A McCarthy, Lorraine M Bateman, James A O'Mahony, Tom F O'Callaghan","doi":"10.1111/1471-0307.70058","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Milk metabolomics has emerged as a valuable tool in dairy science, offering detailed insight into the molecular composition of milk. Understanding the milk metabolome is increasingly relevant to optimise milk quality, processability and traceability. As the dairy sector intensifies efforts to enhance product functionality and sustainability, metabolic profiling represents a promising approach to link animal physiology, farming practices and changes occuring during processing.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aims</h3>\n \n <p>This review aimed to collate current knowledge regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the milk metabolome and, as a result, how the milk metabolome impacts milk techno-functionality. This review explores primary production variables, such as diet, breed, environment and management practices, and their effects on milk composition and processability.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A comprehensive literature review of the subject matter was conducted across relevant studies, selected based on their focus on milk metabolomics in the context of dairy production and processing. Emphasis was placed on publications from 2010 to 2025 to capture recent advances and emerging trends.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Major findings</h3>\n \n <p>The milk metabolome is affected by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including species, breed, diet, stage of lactation and health status, each of which influences nutritional value and processability of milk. As such, several milk metabolites, including choline, acetate and myo-inositol, have been correlated with gelation, a key techno-functional indicator. Furthermore, some metabolites have been highlighted as biomarkers of cow feeding systems such as hippurate, a biomarker of pasture-based feeding.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Scientific and Industrial Implications</h3>\n \n <p>Understanding the determinants and consequences of milk metabolome variations offers new opportunities to improve dairy product quality, tailor processing conditions and support the development of farming and traceability strategies.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":13822,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dairy Technology","volume":"78 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1471-0307.70058","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Dairy Technology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0307.70058","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Milk metabolomics has emerged as a valuable tool in dairy science, offering detailed insight into the molecular composition of milk. Understanding the milk metabolome is increasingly relevant to optimise milk quality, processability and traceability. As the dairy sector intensifies efforts to enhance product functionality and sustainability, metabolic profiling represents a promising approach to link animal physiology, farming practices and changes occuring during processing.

Aims

This review aimed to collate current knowledge regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the milk metabolome and, as a result, how the milk metabolome impacts milk techno-functionality. This review explores primary production variables, such as diet, breed, environment and management practices, and their effects on milk composition and processability.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review of the subject matter was conducted across relevant studies, selected based on their focus on milk metabolomics in the context of dairy production and processing. Emphasis was placed on publications from 2010 to 2025 to capture recent advances and emerging trends.

Major findings

The milk metabolome is affected by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including species, breed, diet, stage of lactation and health status, each of which influences nutritional value and processability of milk. As such, several milk metabolites, including choline, acetate and myo-inositol, have been correlated with gelation, a key techno-functional indicator. Furthermore, some metabolites have been highlighted as biomarkers of cow feeding systems such as hippurate, a biomarker of pasture-based feeding.

Scientific and Industrial Implications

Understanding the determinants and consequences of milk metabolome variations offers new opportunities to improve dairy product quality, tailor processing conditions and support the development of farming and traceability strategies.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

牛奶代谢组及其对提高乳制品加工的潜在利用

牛奶代谢组学已经成为乳制品科学中一个有价值的工具，提供了对牛奶分子组成的详细了解。了解牛奶代谢组对优化牛奶质量、可加工性和可追溯性越来越重要。随着乳制品行业加强产品功能性和可持续性的努力，代谢分析代表了一种很有前途的方法，可以将动物生理、养殖实践和加工过程中发生的变化联系起来。目的本综述旨在整理目前关于影响牛奶代谢组的内在和外在因素的知识，从而了解牛奶代谢组如何影响牛奶的技术功能。本文综述了主要生产变量，如日粮、品种、环境和管理措施，以及它们对牛奶成分和加工性的影响。方法对相关研究进行了全面的文献综述，并根据其对乳制品生产和加工背景下牛奶代谢组学的关注进行了选择。重点放在2010年至2025年的出版物上，以反映最近的进展和新趋势。乳代谢组受多种内在和外在因素的影响，包括品种、品种、日粮、泌乳阶段和健康状况，每一个因素都影响着乳的营养价值和可加工性。因此，几种乳代谢物，包括胆碱、醋酸酯和肌醇，都与凝胶（一种关键的技术功能指标）有关。此外，一些代谢物已被强调为奶牛饲养系统的生物标志物，如hippurate，一种牧场饲养的生物标志物。科学和工业意义了解牛奶代谢组变异的决定因素和后果为提高乳制品质量、定制加工条件和支持农业和可追溯性战略的发展提供了新的机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Dairy Technology 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.50%

发文量

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Dairy Technology ranks highly among the leading dairy journals published worldwide, and is the flagship of the Society. As indicated in its title, the journal is international in scope. Published quarterly, International Journal of Dairy Technology contains original papers and review articles covering topics that are at the interface between fundamental dairy research and the practical technological challenges facing the modern dairy industry worldwide. Topics addressed span the full range of dairy technologies, the production of diverse dairy products across the world and the development of dairy ingredients for food applications.