Synthesis of Biomass-Supported Nanocomposites from Black Cumin Pulp and their Use as Catalysts in NaBH4 Hydrolysis

Abstract

Co-Cu-Zn-B/black cumin meal(bcm) nanocomposites were synthesized by chemical degradation and deposition method. The structure and morphology of Co-Cu-Zn-B/bcm, which was synthesized at room conditions and active in sodium borohydride hydrolysis, were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD devices. To prepare the waste black cumin meal as a support material, it was first kept in an autoclave at 180 °C in the oven for 6 h. In this stage, binary and ternary Co-Cu-B/bcm, Co-Zn-B/bcm and Co-Cu-Zn-B/bcm samples and different metal ratios (10–60%) NaBH₄ hydrolysis experimental results were tested. In terms of production from NaBH₄ hydrolysis of the synthesized nanocomposites, it has been observed that the best results are exhibited in those produced with 50% metal ratio and binary metal components Co-Cu-B/bcm, where catalytic activities occur. Co-Cu-B/bcm > Co-Cu-Zn-B/bcm > Co-Zn-B/bcm Maximum energy production rate in terms of catalytic activity and completion time of parts is 1757.1 mL/g.cat at 30 °C it was detected as min. The effects of variables such as NaOH and NaBH₄ compositions in solution, a certain limit and temperature on NaBH₄ hydrolysis were tested separately. The kinetics of the combined products were examined between temperatures (20–50 °C) and then the activation energy was calculated as 37.67 kJ/mol. The activation energy and temperature range obtained show that the catalyst has good activity compared to expensive catalysts.