The influence of LC3 on the rheology of cementitious matrices: a systematic review of key rheological impact characteristics

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI:10.1617/s11527-025-02753-3

Ariel Miranda de Souza, José Maria Franco de Carvalho, Gabriela Moreira Silva, Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti, Guilherme Jorge Brigolini Silva, Ricardo André Fiorotti Peixoto

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing demand for eco-efficient construction drives the search for alternatives that reduce clinker use in cement. LC³ cement, which uses calcined clay and limestone to partially replace clinker, shows excellent mechanical performance but presents rheological challenges such as high yield stress, increased viscosity, and greater water demand. Understanding the factors affecting LC³ rheology is key for developing technologies to adapt it to market needs. This study reviews recent research to identify key factors influencing LC³ rheology, including the morphology of calcined clay particles, flocculation tendency, zeta potential, particle packing, LC³ reactivity, and admixture sorption in expansive clays. The findings suggest that optimizing LC³ formulations can enhance its rheological performance. Additionally, using industrial waste as supplementary materials shows potential for modifying LC³’s rheology, and LC³ has promising applications in 3D-printed mortars, where its rheological properties can be adjusted for extrusion and buildability.

Graphical abstract

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LC3对胶凝基质流变学的影响：关键流变冲击特性的系统综述

对生态高效建筑的需求日益增长，促使人们寻找减少水泥熟料使用的替代品。LC3水泥使用煅烧粘土和石灰石部分替代熟料，具有优异的机械性能，但存在屈服应力高、粘度增加、需水量大等流变性挑战。了解影响LC3流变性的因素是开发技术以适应市场需求的关键。本研究综述了近年来影响LC3流变性的关键因素，包括煅烧粘土颗粒的形态、絮凝倾向、zeta电位、颗粒堆积、LC3反应性和外加剂在膨胀粘土中的吸附。结果表明，优化LC3的配方可以提高其流变性能。此外，使用工业废料作为补充材料显示出改变LC3流变性的潜力，LC3在3d打印砂浆中有很好的应用前景，其流变性可以根据挤出和可建造性进行调整。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Materials and Structures 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

7.90%

发文量

222

审稿时长

5.9 months

期刊介绍： Materials and Structures, the flagship publication of the International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures (RILEM), provides a unique international and interdisciplinary forum for new research findings on the performance of construction materials. A leader in cutting-edge research, the journal is dedicated to the publication of high quality papers examining the fundamental properties of building materials, their characterization and processing techniques, modeling, standardization of test methods, and the application of research results in building and civil engineering. Materials and Structures also publishes comprehensive reports prepared by the RILEM’s technical committees.