Modulation of electron transfer properties in two-dimensional nanomaterials for enhanced therapeutic efficacy

Abstract

Electron transfer is the foundation of redox reactions and has a significant impact on the physical and chemical properties of materials, including electrical conductivity, magnetism, and catalytic activity. The ultrathin nature of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials enables the precise regulation of electron transfer, which brings significant advantages to multiple fields. However, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive overview of electron transfer in 2D nanomaterials. This article attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the regulatory effects of electron transfer on two-dimensional materials and their potential applications in biomedicine. We summarize advanced strategies for modulating the electron transfer properties of two-dimensional nanomaterials, including adjustments to structural composition, optimization of surface chemical properties, and incorporation of other materials. In addition, we review specific examples demonstrating improved therapeutic efficacy through the regulation of electron transfer in 2D nanomaterials and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we highlight current challenges and outline future research directions in the field of electron transfer to provide valuable insights for researchers in materials science and engineering and to promote the sustainable development of biomedical therapies.