Salinity modulates gut microbiota and host transcriptome dynamics in juvenile euryhaline fish yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus)

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103075

Cheng Peng , Huayi Xue , Jingjing Zhang , Jin Zhang , Jiage Dai , Yong Zhang , Shijia Hu

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Abstract

Salinity critically modulates physiological adaptations in aquatic animals, particularly in euryhaline species frequently encountering salinity fluctuations. Here, we investigated how environmental salinity (10 ppt vs. 30 ppt) shapes gut microbiota and host transcriptome interactions in juvenile yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus; body weight: 7.31 ± 2.54 g). Following a 30-day comparative experiment, fish in brackish water (10 ppt) significantly reduced gut microbiota alpha diversity (Chao1 and Shannon indices, p < 0.05) and enriched Cetobacterium (72.01 % vs. 11.17 % in seawater), whereas seawater enriched Vibrio (31.46 % vs. 0.29 % in brackish water) and Candidatus Arthromitus (29.25 % vs. 1.88 % in brackish water). Gut transcriptomic profiling identified 398 differentially expressed genes, with brackish water fish upregulating metabolism (cpa1, adh1), biosynthesis (cyp46a1), and ion transport (slc26a3), while seawater fish activated immune pathways (ils, ccl20) and redox homeostasis (coq5). Critically, Cetobacterium abundance positively correlated with metabolic genes (dmgdh, adh1, b4galnt1), whereas Vibrio abundance coincided with immune gene expression (vdac2, ils). These results suggest that salinity-driven microbiota-host crosstalk may contribute to environmental adaptation, suggesting potential benefits of brackish water aquaculture.

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盐度对浅盐黄鳍海鲷幼鱼肠道微生物群和宿主转录组动力学的调节

盐度对水生动物的生理适应起着关键的调节作用，尤其是经常遇到盐度波动的泛盐物种。在这里，我们研究了环境盐度（10 ppt vs 30 ppt）如何影响黄鳍海鲷幼鱼（Acanthopagrus latus，体重：7.31 ± 2.54 g）肠道微生物群和宿主转录组的相互作用。经过30天的对比实验，咸淡水中（10 ppt）的鱼类显著降低了肠道微生物群α多样性（Chao1和Shannon指数，p <； 0.05），并富集了鲸杆菌（72.01 %比海水中的11.17 %），而海水富集了弧菌（31.46 %比咸淡水中的0.29 %）和关节候选菌（29.25 %比咸淡水中的1.88 %）。肠道转录组学分析鉴定出398个差异表达基因，其中咸水鱼上调代谢（cpa1, adh1），生物合成（cyp46a1）和离子运输（slc26a3），而海水鱼激活免疫途径（ils, ccl20）和氧化还原稳态（coq5）。关键是，鲸杆菌丰度与代谢基因（dmgdh, adh1, b4galnt1）呈正相关，而弧菌丰度与免疫基因表达（vdac2, ils）一致。这些结果表明，盐度驱动的微生物-宿主串扰可能有助于环境适应，表明微咸水水产养殖的潜在效益。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.