Artificial Intelligence in Liver Pathology: Precision Histology for Accurate Diagnoses

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technique or tool to simulate or emulate human “intelligence.” Precision medicine or precision histology refers to the subpopulation-tailored diagnosis, therapeutics, and management of diseases with its sociocultural, behavioral, genomic, transcriptomic, and pharmaco-omic implications. The modern decade experiences a quantum leap in AI-based models in various aspects of daily routines including practice of precision medicine and histology. These AI-based models aid in the curation of clinical data, reduce the time and expense in decision-making, provide a smooth workflow, and predict the outcomes based on an algorithmic approach. Histopathologists can effectively implement image-based algorithms with the advent of whole-slide imaging and digital pathology generating objective histological data through machine learning and deep learning, branches of AI. Thus, AI-powered models can be implemented in liver histology to reduce the burden of repetitive and tedious tasks, predict various outcomes, reduce inter-observer and intra-observer variability between pathologists, and glean diverse supra-histological predictive data. This review article provides a brief overview of AI in liver pathology and deals with the basic principles of AI, its utility in precision liver histology, and its challenges.