Evaluation of p53 Gene Mutations in Oral Lichen Planus Lesions in a Population From Iran

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70206

Erfan Jokar, Mohamad Kazem Radaei, Vahid Poladvand, Abouzar Bagheri Haroni, Aetna Shiva, Maryam Seyedmajidi, Rouhallah Najjar Sadeghi

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Abstract

Objectives

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa, genetic and molecular alterations, including mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, have been implicated in OLP pathogenesis. However, its molecular mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study investigates p53 gene mutations in OLP lesions.

Material and Methods

This study analyzed 43 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from OLP patients. Diagnosis was confirmed by two pathologists. Genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial kit, with quality and quantity assessed by spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR-sequencing was performed on exons 5–8 and part of the adjacent introns of the p53 gene. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with Fisher's exact test and t-test applied to assess relationships between p53 mutations and clinical parameters; significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The study included 43 OLP cases (mean age 51.7  ±  13.3 years; 65.1% female). Lesions were most frequently located on the buccal mucosa (65.1%), followed by the tongue (20.9%), gingiva (19.3%), and mandible (4.7%). DNA sequencing identified 13 nucleotide changes in the p53 gene in 9 samples (20.9%), distributed across exons 5–7 and intronic regions at codons 140, 171, 185, 213, and 246, as well as at IVS4: +8(C/G), IVS7: −11(A/C), and IVS4: −18(A/T). Mutations included equal proportions of missense and silent changes, as well as transitions and transversions. Adenine mutations were most common (53.8%), followed by cytosine mutations (30.8%). No statistically significant associations were found between p53 mutations and patient gender, age, or anatomical site of sampling.

Conclusions

The study identified p53 gene mutations in 21% of oral lichen planus (OLP) cases, with no demographic or pathological correlations. While highlighting p53's complex role and potential as a biomarker, limited sample size necessitates larger, multi-center studies to clarify genetic/environmental influences on OLP pathogenesis and mutation predisposition.

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伊朗人群口腔扁平苔藓病变中p53基因突变的评估

口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）是口腔黏膜的一种慢性炎症性疾病，包括p53肿瘤抑制基因突变在内的遗传和分子改变与OLP的发病有关。然而，其分子机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨p53基因突变在OLP病变中的作用。材料与方法本研究分析了43例OLP患者的石蜡包埋组织块。经两名病理学家确诊。使用商业试剂盒提取基因组DNA，通过分光光度法和琼脂糖凝胶电泳评估质量和数量。对p53基因外显子5-8和部分邻近内含子进行pcr测序。采用SPSS version 20进行统计学分析，采用Fisher精确检验和t检验评估p53突变与临床参数的关系；p <； 0.05为显著性。结果纳入OLP 43例，平均年龄51.7 ± 13.3岁，女性占65.1%。病变最常见于颊黏膜（65.1%），其次为舌（20.9%）、牙龈（19.3%）和下颌骨（4.7%）。DNA测序在9个样本（20.9%）中发现了p53基因的13个核苷酸变化，分布在密码子140、171、185、213和246的外显子5-7和内含子区域，以及IVS4: +8（C/G）、IVS7:−11（A/C）和IVS4:−18（A/T）。突变包括相同比例的错义和沉默变化，以及转换和转换。腺嘌呤突变最为常见（53.8%），其次是胞嘧啶突变（30.8%）。p53突变与患者性别、年龄或取样解剖部位之间没有统计学上的显著关联。结论：该研究在21%的口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）病例中发现p53基因突变，与人口统计学或病理学无相关性。虽然强调了p53的复杂作用和作为生物标志物的潜力，但有限的样本量需要更大的、多中心的研究来阐明遗传/环境对OLP发病机制和突变易感性的影响。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.