Seepage-Induced internal instability processes in glacial deposit under Multi-staged hydraulic loading paths: insights from an undisturbed upward seepage experiment

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1007/s10064-025-04428-3

Shixin Zhang, Yufeng Wei, Zhanglei Wu, Chunyu Chen, Hao Yang, Xin Zhang, Peng Liang

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Abstract

Glacial deposits are Quaternary sediments with broad particle-size gradation, resulting from glacial erosion, transport, and deposition. Their permeability characteristics differ notably from those of other Quaternary sediment layers. Accordingly, this study collected glacial deposit samples from the upper reaches of the Yi’Ong Zangbo River in Tibet and analyzed the permeability characteristics and seepage-induced internal instability of glacial deposits under various hydraulic loading paths, using 5 sets of undisturbed upward seepage experiments. Hydraulic conductivity strongly correlates with loading path, while eroded fines accumulation is governed by d_15c/d_85f. The seepage-induced internal instability process can be divided into 3 distinct stages: initial seepage, suffusion, and internally instability. The hydraulic gradient equation at the onset of suffusion was derived from erosion rate and d_15c/d_85f indicators. Additionally, the erosion resistance index, calculated from the dry mass of eroded fine particles and dissipated energy, indicates that glacial deposits are generally highly erodible, with erosion resistance improving as d_15c/d_85f decreases.

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多级水力加载路径下冰川沉积物渗流诱发的内部不稳定过程：来自无扰动向上渗流实验的启示

冰川沉积物是由冰川侵蚀、搬运和沉积形成的具有宽粒度级配的第四纪沉积物。其渗透性特征与其他第四纪沉积层明显不同。水力导率与加载路径密切相关，侵蚀粉粒堆积受d15c/d85f控制。渗流诱发的内部失稳过程可分为初始渗流、扩散和内部失稳3个阶段。根据侵蚀速率和d15c/d85f指标，导出了渗流开始时的水力梯度方程。此外，由被侵蚀细颗粒干质量和耗散能量计算的抗侵蚀指数表明，冰川沉积物一般具有较高的可蚀性，随着d15c/d85f的降低，其抗侵蚀能力增强。

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 工程技术-地球科学综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

11.90%

发文量

445

审稿时长

4.1 months

期刊介绍： Engineering geology is defined in the statutes of the IAEG as the science devoted to the investigation, study and solution of engineering and environmental problems which may arise as the result of the interaction between geology and the works or activities of man, as well as of the prediction of and development of measures for the prevention or remediation of geological hazards. Engineering geology embraces: • the applications/implications of the geomorphology, structural geology, and hydrogeological conditions of geological formations; • the characterisation of the mineralogical, physico-geomechanical, chemical and hydraulic properties of all earth materials involved in construction, resource recovery and environmental change; • the assessment of the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil and rock masses; • the prediction of changes to the above properties with time; • the determination of the parameters to be considered in the stability analysis of engineering works and earth masses.