Time to refractory congestive heart failure in cats presenting with pleural effusion vs. pulmonary edema

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.jvc.2025.07.005

K.M. Buchanan, R.C. Fries, S. Kadotani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction/Objectives

Cats with left-sided congestive heart failure (CHF) usually present with pleural effusion and/or pulmonary edema. We compared time to refractory CHF and survival time between pleural effusion and pulmonary edema in cats with various cardiomyopathies.

Animals, Material and Methods

A total of 125 cats with CHF presenting as predominantly pleural effusion (n = 73) or pulmonary edema (n = 52) were included in this study. Medical records of cats presenting with CHF between 2013 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Refractory CHF was defined as one requiring greater than 6 mg/kg/day of furosemide or introduction of torsemide. Signalment, underlying cardiomyopathy, the presence of pleural effusion or pulmonary edema, echocardiographic measurements at the time of CHF diagnosis, medications, comorbidities, time to refractory CHF, and survival time were recorded.

Results

The median survival time was significantly shorter (P=0.0002) for cats with pleural effusion (155 days; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11–199 days) than for those with pulmonary edema (234 days; 95% CI: 177–509 days). Median time to refractory CHF was significantly shorter (P=0.0003) for cats with pleural effusion (44 days; 95 % CI: 32–67 days) than for those with pulmonary edema (133 days; 95% CI: 90–233 days). Pleural effusion significantly influenced time to refractory CHF (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.16–4.62; P=0.022) and median survival time (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.06–3.40; P=0.029) in the multivariable models.

Study Limitations

The limitations of this study were therapeutic recommendations not standardized and quantification of pleural effusion and fluid analysis not available for all cats.

Conclusions

In this study sample, cats with pleural effusion have a reduced time to refractory CHF and survival times compared to cats with pulmonary edema.

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出现胸腔积液和肺水肿的猫的难治性充血性心力衰竭的时间

简介/目的左侧充血性心力衰竭（CHF）的猫通常表现为胸腔积液和/或肺水肿。我们比较了患有各种心肌病的猫发生难治性CHF的时间和胸腔积液和肺水肿之间的生存时间。动物、材料和方法本研究共纳入125只CHF猫，主要表现为胸腔积液（n = 73）或肺水肿（n = 52）。回顾性评估2013年至2022年期间出现CHF的猫的医疗记录。难治性CHF被定义为需要大于6mg /kg/天的呋塞米或引入托尔塞米。记录信号、潜在的心肌病、胸膜积液或肺水肿的存在、CHF诊断时的超声心动图测量、药物、合并症、难治性CHF的时间和生存时间。结果胸腔积液组的中位生存时间（155天，95%可信区间[CI]: 11-199天）明显短于肺水肿组（234天，95% CI: 177-509天），P=0.0002。胸腔积液猫发生难治性CHF的中位时间（44天，95% CI: 32-67天）明显短于肺水肿猫（133天，95% CI: 90-233天）。在多变量模型中，胸腔积液显著影响难治性CHF的发生时间（风险比[HR]: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.16-4.62； P=0.022）和中位生存时间（HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.06-3.40； P=0.029）。研究局限性本研究的局限性是治疗建议没有标准化，胸膜积液和液体分析的量化不能用于所有的猫。结论在本研究样本中，与肺水肿的猫相比，胸腔积液的猫发生难治性CHF的时间和生存时间都缩短了。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology VETERINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

审稿时长

154 days

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Cardiology is to publish peer-reviewed reports of the highest quality that promote greater understanding of cardiovascular disease, and enhance the health and well being of animals and humans. The Journal of Veterinary Cardiology publishes original contributions involving research and clinical practice that include prospective and retrospective studies, clinical trials, epidemiology, observational studies, and advances in applied and basic research. The Journal invites submission of original manuscripts. Specific content areas of interest include heart failure, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, cardiovascular medicine, surgery, hypertension, health outcomes research, diagnostic imaging, interventional techniques, genetics, molecular cardiology, and cardiovascular pathology, pharmacology, and toxicology.