Semi-analytical modeling of receive transfer function and thermal noise of integrated photonic ultrasound transducers

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applied Mathematical Modelling Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI:10.1016/j.apm.2025.116381

Sabiju Valiya Valappil , Peter Harmsma , Maurits van der Heiden , Martin Verweij , Paul van Neer

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ultrasound transducers (UTs) are extensively used in several applications across a multitude of disciplines. A new type of UTs namely integrated photonic ultrasound transducers (IPUTs) possess superior performance due to the presence of optical interrogation systems, avoiding electric crosstalk and thermal electronic noise of the sensor. However, a major component of the IPUT's noise floor is its thermal acoustic noise. Several studies have been proposed to characterize IPUTs' behavior; nevertheless, these are either incomplete (model only the thermal noise) or targeted to characterize specific responses such as static behavior, in which the modeled receive transfer function (RTF) is about two orders lower than the experiments. In this study, we develop semi-analytical models based on time-domain finite element analysis and analytical expressions to characterize the RTF and thermal noise-induced noise equivalent pressure of IPUTs. We validate the models by comparing them with the literature, where we obtain a close match between them.

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集成光子超声换能器接收传递函数和热噪声的半解析建模

超声换能器（ut）广泛应用于多个学科的几种应用中。集成光子超声换能器（integrated photonic ultrasound transducers, IPUTs）是一种新型的集成光子超声换能器（integrated photonic ultrasound transducers, IPUTs），由于其光学探测系统的存在而具有优越的性能，避免了传感器的电串扰和热电子噪声。然而，IPUT噪声底的一个主要组成部分是它的热声噪声。已经提出了一些研究来描述iput的行为；然而，这些要么是不完整的（仅模拟热噪声），要么是有针对性地表征特定的响应，如静态行为，其中建模的接收传递函数（RTF）比实验低两个阶。在本研究中，我们建立了基于时域有限元分析和解析表达式的半解析模型来表征iput的RTF和热噪声诱导的噪声等效压力。我们通过将模型与文献进行比较来验证模型，在文献中我们获得了它们之间的密切匹配。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Mathematical Modelling 数学-工程：综合

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

8.00%

发文量

508

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： Applied Mathematical Modelling focuses on research related to the mathematical modelling of engineering and environmental processes, manufacturing, and industrial systems. A significant emerging area of research activity involves multiphysics processes, and contributions in this area are particularly encouraged. This influential publication covers a wide spectrum of subjects including heat transfer, fluid mechanics, CFD, and transport phenomena; solid mechanics and mechanics of metals; electromagnets and MHD; reliability modelling and system optimization; finite volume, finite element, and boundary element procedures; modelling of inventory, industrial, manufacturing and logistics systems for viable decision making; civil engineering systems and structures; mineral and energy resources; relevant software engineering issues associated with CAD and CAE; and materials and metallurgical engineering. Applied Mathematical Modelling is primarily interested in papers developing increased insights into real-world problems through novel mathematical modelling, novel applications or a combination of these. Papers employing existing numerical techniques must demonstrate sufficient novelty in the solution of practical problems. Papers on fuzzy logic in decision-making or purely financial mathematics are normally not considered. Research on fractional differential equations, bifurcation, and numerical methods needs to include practical examples. Population dynamics must solve realistic scenarios. Papers in the area of logistics and business modelling should demonstrate meaningful managerial insight. Submissions with no real-world application will not be considered.