How does low intensity grazing alter soil phosphorus biogeochemistry to sustain its availability in a semi-arid pastureland?

IF 6.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Avijit Ghosh, Srinivasan Ramakrishnan, Sultan Singh, Amit Kumar Singh, Arun Kumar Shukla, Shiv Nath Ram, Sunil Kumar, Ram Vinod Kumar
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Abstract

Although the phosphorus (P) pools and cycles in grassland ecosystems can be significantly impacted by livestock grazing, very few studies have looked at the effects of grazing intensity on the soil P pools. Grazing has been known to reduce soil P availability. However, the mechanisms behind this have been rarely studied. Here, a long-term trial in the Indian semi-arid pastureland was arranged to examine impact of different grazing pressures, i.e. heavy (HG), medium (MG), and low (LG) in pastureland on soil P fractions. Soil samples were taken from surface and sub-surface layers and analysed for soil P dynamics, microbial activity, and diversity. Total soil P increased significantly (P < 0.05) under MG and HG by 18 and 39 % over control at the surface layer, respectively. Plant available P under LG and HG was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (by ∼ 11 and 15 %) than control at the surface layer. In the grazed plots, plant available P at the surface soil layer was ∼10 % greater than subsurface soil layer. MG and HG significantly enhanced the iron, aluminium, and calcium bound P. The population of P solubilizing bacteria under LG was ∼48 and 75 % higher than MG and HG, respectively in surface layer. The P adsorption maxima and adsorption energy declined significantly (P < 0.05) under LG, but increased under HG over control at both soil layers. Excessive grazing pressure on grasslands might detrimentally affect the sustainability of ecological functions. To rejuvenate damaged grasslands and manage P effectively in semiarid regions and elsewhere, it is urgently necessary to optimise grazing pressure.
在半干旱的牧场,低强度放牧如何改变土壤磷的生物地球化学以维持其有效性?
放牧对草地生态系统磷库和磷循环有显著影响,但放牧强度对土壤磷库影响的研究很少。放牧会降低土壤磷素的有效性。然而,这背后的机制却很少被研究。本研究在印度半干旱牧场进行了长期试验,研究了不同放牧压力(即牧场重(HG)、中(MG)和低(LG)对土壤磷组分的影响。从表层和次表层采集土壤样本,分析土壤磷动态、微生物活性和多样性。MG和HG处理显著提高了表层土壤全磷(P <; 0.05),分别比对照提高了18%和39% %。在表层,LG和HG处理的植株速效磷显著(P <; 0.05)高于对照(P分别提高~ 11%和15% %)。在放牧样地,表层土壤的植物有效磷比次表层高~ 10 %。MG和HG显著提高了铁、铝和钙结合磷,LG处理下表层溶磷菌的数量分别比MG和HG高~ 48%和75% %。两层土壤对磷的吸附最大值和吸附能在LG处理下显著下降(P <; 0.05),在HG处理下均有所增加。过度的放牧压力可能会对草原生态功能的可持续性产生不利影响。在半干旱区和其他地区,优化放牧压力是恢复受损草地和有效管理磷的迫切需要。
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来源期刊
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
392
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.
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