Industrial scaling of molten carbonate electrolytic carbon capture and production of graphene allotropes

Abstract

The discovery, advances, and industrial-scale up of a unique electrochemical decarbonization chemistry, which sequesters carbon dioxide to mitigate the existential threat of planetary climate change, are presented. C2CNT® (CO₂ to Carbon NanoTechnology) is the transition metal nucleated electrolytic splitting of CO₂ by its transformation into a wide range of Graphene NanoCarbon allotropes, C_GNC, CO₂ → ​C_GNC ​+ ​O_2, such as carbon nanotubes and carbon nano-onions. The original 2015 C2CNT 0.0005 ​m² electrode process has been scaled to larger than meter-square area electrodes and used in a series of 100 tonne annual CO₂ removal industrial Genesis Device modules. The pathway to a further scale-up to a series of 1000 tonne decarbonization placed in series and forming a megaton annual C2CNT decarbonization plant is illustrated.