Supplementary use of natural products in managing dumping syndrome: Exploring dietary and phytochemical interventions

Abstract

Dumping syndrome (DS) is a known complication following bariatric surgery, caused by rapid gastric emptying into the small intestine. It presents in two forms: early dumping, with gastrointestinal and vasomotor symptoms occurring within 30–60 min after meals; and late dumping, which arises 1–3 h postprandially due to reactive hypoglycaemia. Standard management includes dietary changes and medications, but tolerability and long-term efficacy are variable. Recently, interest has grown in using natural products and nutritional compounds as adjuncts or alternatives. Fibre-rich foods, sugar substitutes, and medicinal plants may delay gastric emptying, reduce glucose spikes, or modulate gut hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. Several phytochemicals, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids have demonstrated promise in reducing DS symptoms, especially in late dumping. Functional foods may enhance satiety, slow carbohydrate absorption, and improve glycaemic control. Although most data are from preclinical or limited clinical studies, natural compounds appear to be well-tolerated and safe, offering potential advantages over standard pharmacological agents. This review summarises emerging evidence on the role of natural products in managing DS, their mechanisms of action, and their clinical relevance in post-bariatric care. The findings aim to support translational metabolic care and provide practical guidance for clinicians and dietitians managing DS in diverse patient populations.