Mnemonic asymmetries: How collective memory shapes and reflects intergroup relations

Abstract

This review synthesizes recent findings demonstrating that advantaged and disadvantaged groups construct divergent memory narratives, each serving distinct identity-related needs and motivating contrasting collective actions from status quo maintenance to sociopolitical change. Institutions such as museums and educational systems mediate these processes by either reinforcing dominant-group perspectives or enabling recognition of disadvantaged groups perspectives. We integrate these developments into the Asymmetric Memory-Identity Model (AMIM), which conceptualizes how memory content reflects power structures and contributes to maintenance or contestation of sociopolitical hierarchies. The model also highlights how institutional contexts can determine whether memory reinforces existing hierarchies or supports more inclusive and just intergroup engagement.