Harnessing CRISPR-Cas systems for point-of-care diagnostic applications

Abstract

CRISPR systems have revolutionized gene editing and therapy. CRISPR enzymes have been repurposed for molecular diagnostics of diverse analytes, including pathogens and disease markers. CRISPR systems offer speed, specificity, programmability, and multiplex detection. However, their translational applications to commercial assays for POC or at-home end users face key challenges such as sample processing, reagent stability, and cost-effectiveness. Here, we highlight the significant advancements in the CRISPR-dx field, focusing on key challenges such as sample preparation, stability, multiplexing capabilities, amplification-free detection, signal interpretation, process automation, and detection of non-nucleic acid analytes. Additionally, we explore potential solutions to transform CRISPR-based diagnostics into complete sample-to-answer systems suitable for POC and at-home applications.