Effect of aspirin use on cancer incidence and mortality: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105924

Fausto Petrelli , Antonio Ghidini , Maria Antista , Nicole Meli , Lorenzo Dottorini , Mauro Rossitto , Angeli Irene , Giovanna Moleri , Ornella Garrone , Gianluca Tomasello , Michele Ghidini

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the association between aspirin use and cancer incidence and mortality, and to clarify aspirin's potential role in cancer prevention.

Study design

Meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials comparing cancer outcomes in aspirin users versus non-users.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to April 2024. Studies reporting hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer incidence or mortality in relation to aspirin use were included. Data were extracted and pooled using a random-effects model to account for study heterogeneity, and results were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis supports the growing body of evidence suggesting aspirin's potential role in reducing cancer incidence and mortality, particularly for colorectal and liver cancers. Future studies should focus on identifying the optimal dosage and duration of aspirin use and elucidating the mechanisms behind its protective effects to guide clinical recommendations.

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阿司匹林对癌症发病率和死亡率的影响：一项最新的系统回顾和荟萃分析

目的评价阿司匹林的使用与癌症发病率和死亡率的关系，阐明阿司匹林在癌症预防中的潜在作用。研究设计：观察性研究和随机对照试验的荟萃分析，比较阿司匹林服用者和非服用者的癌症结局。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library截至2024年4月的文献。研究报告了与阿司匹林使用相关的癌症发病率或死亡率的风险比（hr）。使用随机效应模型提取和汇总数据以解释研究异质性，结果用95%置信区间（ci）的风险比（hr）表示。结论：这项荟萃分析支持了越来越多的证据表明阿司匹林在降低癌症发病率和死亡率方面的潜在作用，特别是对结直肠癌和肝癌。未来的研究应侧重于确定阿司匹林的最佳剂量和使用时间，并阐明其保护作用背后的机制，以指导临床建议。

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来源期刊

Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Public Health is an international, multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health.