Magnetized Porous Structure Enabled Sensitivity-Enhanced Pressure Sensor for Tactile Perceptions

Abstract

Flexible magnetic pressure sensors have garnered considerable research interest due to their promising applications in electronic skin, soft robotics, and human–machine interfaces. However, developing such sensors with both high sensitivity and robust durability remains a significant challenge. In this study, we propose a flexible pressure sensor comprising a magnetized porous structural membrane and a microfabricated Hall sensor embedded within a flexible substrate, enabling precise pressure detection through magnetic field variations. Through optimization of the porous architecture, the proposed sensor achieves a 112% enhancement in sensitivity, exhibiting an exceptional magneto-mechanical coupling factor of 9.72 × 10^–8 T·Pa^–1 while maintaining high flexibility. The sensor demonstrates a broad pressure detection range (40 Pa to 1.86 MPa), an ultralow detection limit (40 Pa), and a rapid response time of 4 ms. Furthermore, we successfully implemented this pressure sensor in an intelligent tactile perception system for real-time human motion monitoring and human–machine interaction. The experimental results conclusively demonstrate the methodology’s potential as a versatile platform for next-generation wearable electronics, advanced prosthetics, and immersive interactive systems, opening possibilities in healthcare monitoring, robotic control, and augmented reality applications.