Prestack inversion with lateral data difference constraints

Abstract

Amplitude variation with offset inversion is a crucial step in estimating subsurface elastic parameters. However, the inversion is always implemented by a single trace, and there is no connection between adjacent gathers to ensure the lateral accuracy. Although there is not much consideration for lateral inversion, traditional total variation (TV) regularization based on model constraints can improve the accuracy of vertical inversion. To address this issue, we propose a new prestack inversion method, multi-trace exact Zoeppritz equation inversion with TV joint Diff constraints (MEZTD), which adds lateral data difference (Diff) constraints to multi-trace simultaneous inversion with TV regularization. The Diff is the difference between the groups of adjacent common depth points, ensuring that the synthetic and observed data exhibit consistent lateral variations. By constraining the inversion results based on the lateral variation of seismic data, the method enhances both lateral continuity and accuracy. To validate the effectiveness of the MEZTD method, we conducted inversion experiments on a selected portion of the Marmousi model and field seismic data. A comprehensive analysis was performed on the effects of TV regularization and the Diff constraint individually, demonstrating that the incorporation of the Diff constraint significantly improves lateral accuracy and noise resistance in the inversion results. The results confirm that the MEZTD method provides superior noise resistance, enhanced lateral inversion accuracy, making it a robust approach for high-resolution prestack inversion.