K- complex metrics predict psychomotor vigilance in young and middle-aged adults with obstructive sleep apnea: A severity-dependent neural biomarker study

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Sleep medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106750

Rongcui Sui , Jie Li , Yunhan Shi , Shizhen Yuan , Xingjun Wang , Wen Xu , Ming Xia , Yanru Li , Demin Han

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Abstract

Background

K-complexes, electroencephalographic markers of sleep protective mechanisms, may reflect cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We investigated whether K-complex metrics (frequency, density, duration, amplitude) independently predict psychomotor vigilance in patients with OSA.

Methods

In 140 young and middle-aged adults, K-complexes were automatically detected via a U-Net neural network analyzing F3-M2 electroencephalogram recording. K-complex metrics, including frequency (Hz), density (events/min), duration (sec) and amplitude (μV), were measured. Psychomotor vigilance was assessed via standardized Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT). Hierarchical regression models evaluated associations between K-complex metrics and psychomotor vigilance, adjusted for age, education, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).

Results

K-complex metrics showed severity-dependent associations with psychomotor vigilance in young and middle-aged adults with OSA, meaning the nature of these associations predictably changed based on OSA severity. In patients with mild/moderate OSA, lower K-complex frequency (p = 0.011) was associated with better psychomotor vigilance. In patients with severe OSA, higher K-complex density (p = 0.019) and amplitude (p = 0.030) were independently associated with better psychomotor vigilance. K-complex metrics explained 15.2 % and 23.5 % additional variance in PVT Lapses in patients with mild/moderate and severe OSA, respectively. Age, education, and AHI further modulated psychomotor vigilance, particularly in patients with mild/moderate OSA.

Conclusions

K-complex density, frequency, and amplitude serve as severity-dependent neural biomarkers of psychomotor vigilance in young and middle-aged adults with OSA. These findings suggest the role of sleep metrics in psychomotor vigilance and highlight potential electrophysiological targets for intervention.

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K-复合体指标预测中青年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的精神运动警觉性：一项依赖于严重程度的神经生物标志物研究

背景-复合物是睡眠保护机制的脑电图标记物，可能反映阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的认知障碍。我们研究了k复合体指标（频率、密度、持续时间、振幅）是否能独立预测OSA患者的精神运动性警觉性。方法采用U-Net神经网络分析140例中青年脑电图F3-M2记录，自动检测k复合物。测量频率（Hz）、密度（events/min）、持续时间（sec）和振幅（μV）等k -复指标。采用标准化精神运动警觉性测验（PVT）评估精神运动警觉性。分层回归模型评估k复合体指标与精神运动警觉性之间的关系，并根据年龄、教育程度和呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）进行调整。结果：sk复杂指标显示，在患有OSA的中青年成人中，精神运动警觉性与严重依赖性相关，这意味着这些关联的性质可预测地根据OSA严重程度发生变化。在轻度/中度OSA患者中，较低的k -复合体频率（p = 0.011）与较好的精神运动警觉性相关。在严重OSA患者中，较高的k复合体密度（p = 0.019）和振幅（p = 0.030）与较好的精神运动警觉性独立相关。k复合指标分别解释了轻/中度和重度OSA患者PVT缺失15.2%和23.5%的额外方差。年龄、教育程度和AHI进一步调节精神运动警觉性，特别是在轻度/中度OSA患者中。结论sk复合体密度、频率和振幅是影响中青年OSA患者精神运动警觉性的神经生物标志物。这些发现表明睡眠指标在精神运动警觉性中的作用，并强调了干预的潜在电生理目标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sleep medicine 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sleep Medicine aims to be a journal no one involved in clinical sleep medicine can do without. A journal primarily focussing on the human aspects of sleep, integrating the various disciplines that are involved in sleep medicine: neurology, clinical neurophysiology, internal medicine (particularly pulmonology and cardiology), psychology, psychiatry, sleep technology, pediatrics, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dentistry. The journal publishes the following types of articles: Reviews (also intended as a way to bridge the gap between basic sleep research and clinical relevance); Original Research Articles; Full-length articles; Brief communications; Controversies; Case reports; Letters to the Editor; Journal search and commentaries; Book reviews; Meeting announcements; Listing of relevant organisations plus web sites.