Inhibitory effect of SMAD2 on myogenesis in heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104223

Jiawei Lu, Yilan Liu, Huixia Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Heat stress can cause muscle damage and affect myogenesis. Myogenesis is a complicated process modulated by numerous genes. While SMAD2 has been implicated in various biological processes, its specific role in the myogenesis of heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts remains unclear. To explore the function of SMAD2 in myogenesis, si-SMAD2-446 and pcDNA3.1-SMAD2 were transfected into heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts. The results indicated that heat stress increased the SMAD2 expression in Hu sheep myoblasts. Furthermore, SMAD2 was found to suppress proliferation in heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts by downregulating the expression of proliferation-related genes, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Additionally, SMAD2 inhibited differentiation by downregulating the expression of myogenic differentiation factor (MYOD) and myogenin (MYOG). Moreover, SMAD2 promoted apoptosis by activating BCL-associated X protein (BAX), B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), Caspase3 and Caspase9 in heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts. In conclusion, these findings suggest that SMAD2 functions as an inhibitory factor in the myogenesis of heat-stressed Hu sheep myoblasts.

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SMAD2对热应激湖羊成肌细胞肌发生的抑制作用

热应激会导致肌肉损伤，影响肌肉生成。肌发生是一个由众多基因调控的复杂过程。虽然SMAD2与多种生物过程有关，但其在热应激湖羊成肌细胞的肌发生中的具体作用尚不清楚。为了探讨SMAD2在肌发生中的作用，我们将si-SMAD2-446和pcDNA3.1-SMAD2转染到热应激湖羊成肌细胞中。结果表明，热应激增加了湖羊成肌细胞中SMAD2的表达。此外，研究发现SMAD2通过下调增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）、细胞周期蛋白D1 （CCND1）和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2 （CDK2）等增殖相关基因的表达，抑制热应激下胡羊成肌细胞的增殖。此外，SMAD2通过下调myogen differentiation factor （MYOD）和myogenin （MYOG）的表达来抑制分化。此外，SMAD2通过激活热应激湖羊成肌细胞bcl相关X蛋白（BAX）、b细胞CLL/淋巴瘤2 （BCL-2）、Caspase3和Caspase9促进细胞凋亡。综上所述，这些结果表明SMAD2在热应激湖羊成肌细胞的肌肉发生中起抑制作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of thermal biology 生物-动物学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

196

审稿时长

14.5 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are: • The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature • The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature • Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause • Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span • Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment • The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man • Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature • Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever • Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia Article types: • Original articles • Review articles