Embracing Change in Conservation to Protect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functions in a Dynamic World

Abstract

The field of conservation biology is gradually integrating new perspectives to better respond to accelerating environmental change. In this article, we build on recent insights to promote a forward-looking approach that fully embraces the dynamic nature of ecosystems. Traditional conservation efforts have aimed to preserve historical conditions, but in a rapidly changing world, such static goals may no longer be viable. Instead, we advocate for strategies that guide ecological change toward desirable outcomes. We present 10 practical guidelines to support researchers, policymakers, and land managers in navigating and managing ecological change. These guidelines include acknowledging shifting species compositions, focusing on ecosystem functionality, and using proactive, science-based interventions. Together, the guidelines represent a shift away from resistance-based strategies toward proactive stewardship of ecosystem transitions. By fully acknowledging ecological change and managing it intentionally, conservation science can more effectively respond to complex environmental challenges. This perspective offers a robust foundation for enhancing ecosystem resilience and maintaining biodiversity in a rapidly evolving world.