Curing kinetics and surface properties of bio-based polybenzoxazine prepared from monomers synthesized via continuous flow

IF 2.8 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE
Changlu Zhou, Sentao Lin, Chenpei Li, Shenhao Song, Hongyang Zhang
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Abstract

In this work, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran was utilized as a green solvent to synthesize polybenzoxazine precursor (FA-fa) from renewable ferulic acid and furfurylamine in a continuous-flow reactor. The reaction was monitored by the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of benzoxazine under various conditions, with the optimal reaction temperature and residence time determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of FA-fa could reach 84.5% and 75.4%, respectively, at a reaction temperature of 150 °C with an efficient residence time of 12.5 min. The curing kinetics of FA-fa were investigated by in situ FTIR, revealing an apparent activation energy of 155.1 kJ mol-1 and 154.2 kJ mol-1. This relatively low value is the primary reason why FA-fa begins curing at a low temperature of 132.7 °C. The surface free energy of poly(FA-fa) was characterized through contact angle measurements and fully investigated by analyzing the hydrogen bonding constitution via FTIR. The lowest surface free energy was found to be 23.28 mJ·m-2, corresponding to a low content of intermolecular hydrogen bonding constitution with a value of 13.47%.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

连续流法制备生物基聚苯并恶嗪的固化动力学及表面性能
以2-甲基四氢呋喃为绿色溶剂,在连续流反应器中以可再生阿魏酸和糠胺为原料合成聚苯并恶嗪前体(FA-fa)。考察了不同条件下阿魏酸的转化率和苯并恶嗪的产率,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析确定了最佳反应温度和停留时间。结果表明,在反应温度为150℃,有效停留时间为12.5 min的条件下,阿魏酸的转化率可达84.5%,FA-fa的收率可达75.4%。通过原位FTIR研究了FA-fa的固化动力学,发现FA-fa的表观活化能分别为155.1 kJ mol-1和154.2 kJ mol-1。这个相对较低的值是FA-fa在132.7℃低温下开始固化的主要原因。通过接触角测量表征了聚酰亚胺(FA-fa)的表面自由能,并通过红外光谱(FTIR)分析了其氢键结构。表面自由能最低为23.28 mJ·m-2,分子间氢键构成含量较低,为13.47%。
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来源期刊
Journal of Polymer Research
Journal of Polymer Research 化学-高分子科学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
7.10%
发文量
472
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Polymer Research provides a forum for the prompt publication of articles concerning the fundamental and applied research of polymers. Its great feature lies in the diversity of content which it encompasses, drawing together results from all aspects of polymer science and technology. As polymer research is rapidly growing around the globe, the aim of this journal is to establish itself as a significant information tool not only for the international polymer researchers in academia but also for those working in industry. The scope of the journal covers a wide range of the highly interdisciplinary field of polymer science and technology, including: polymer synthesis; polymer reactions; polymerization kinetics; polymer physics; morphology; structure-property relationships; polymer analysis and characterization; physical and mechanical properties; electrical and optical properties; polymer processing and rheology; application of polymers; supramolecular science of polymers; polymer composites.
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