Microorganisms induced bioconvection over a convectively heated rotating frame: a computational model of the blood-based MHD Casson hybrid nanofluid flow

Abstract

This study investigates microorganisms generated bioconvection in an MHD Casson hybrid nanofluid on a convectively heated rotating frame. The hybrid nanofluid behaves like blood because it contains TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles mixed in a special fluid called a non-Newtonian Casson fluid. Their interaction greatly affects nanoparticle dispersion, thermal conductivity, and flow stability. The PDEs governing momentum, energy, concentration, and motile microbe distribution are turned into ODEs by similarity transformations. We numerically solve these modified equations in MATLAB using bvp5c. The study looks at how certain factors, like the Casson parameter, magnetic parameter, thermophoresis and Brownian motion numbers, Prandtl number, Schmidt number, and bioconvection parameters, influence the flow and movement of materials. Results show that increasing the magnetic parameter and Casson fluid index decreases fluid velocity and increases temperature gradients. Hybrid nanofluid systems have 22–28 % higher Nusselt numbers than single nanoparticle solutions. The analysis looks at important ways heat moves, including thermophoresis, Brownian motion, how viscosity affects heat, the impact of magnetic fields, and the movement of microorganisms. These discoveries can improve thermal and mass transmission in heat exchangers, biomedical devices, and industrial systems that need better heat management. The results are verified with previousley published litreature and the obtained results are optimum.