Association Between Serum Advanced Glycation End Products and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: A 3-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study (2019–2022)

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI:10.1111/1753-0407.70137

Hui Zhao, Ze-wen Zhang, Tao Luo, Dilihumaer Aili, Wen-huan Ding, Yuan-yuan Li, Yuan-sheng Gu, Shulipan Aslibek, Jing-jing He, Wen-hui Yu, Run-ze Ma, Anaer Gaoshao, Ting-ting Qiao, Guo-zhen Zhang, Henry S. Lynn, Mu-long Du, Jiang-hong Dai

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Abstract

Background

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome begins with obesity and glucose abnormalities, advancing to cardiovascular and kidney complications. This study investigates the relationship of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with CKM syndrome staging and transition patterns.

Methods

This 3-year longitudinal study (2019–2022) of 1264 adults identified five CKM trajectory groups: Group 1 (stable low-risk, 6.7%, stage 0/1), Group 2 (fluctuating, 15.8%, stages 0/1–2), Group 3 (stable intermediate, 52.8%, stage 2), Group 4 (progressors, 8.9%, to stage 3/4), and Group 5 (stable high-risk, 15.8%, stage 3/4), from baseline distributions of stage 0 (1.6%), 1 (12.3%), 2 (71.0%), 3 (5.8%), and 4 (9.2%). Serum AGEs were quantified by UPLC-MS/MS.

Results

Higher AGEs levels showed significant associations with CKM severity, with each 1-SD increase corresponding to a 30% greater likelihood of advanced staging (95% CI:10%–54%). Quartile analysis revealed a dose–response relationship (Q2:1.66[1.15–2.41]; Q3:1.67[1.12–2.48]; Q4:1.92[1.31–2.81]). Longitudinally, the total AGEs score was significantly associated with CKM transition patterns from 2019 to 2022. The odds ratios (ORs) for Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, and Group 5 compared to Group 1 were 1.61 (1.06–2.45), 1.64 (1.11–2.41), 1.71 (1.07–2.73), and 2.03 (1.32–3.13), respectively.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that serum AGEs are linked to CKM severity and progression, potentially serving as biomarkers for CKM staging and targets for intervention.

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血清晚期糖基化终产物与心血管-肾-代谢（CKM）综合征的相关性：一项为期3年的纵向队列研究（2019-2022）

心血管-肾脏代谢综合征（CKM）始于肥胖和血糖异常，发展为心血管和肾脏并发症。本研究探讨晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）与CKM综合征分期和过渡模式的关系。方法这项为期3年（2019-2022）的1264名成年人的纵向研究确定了5个CKM轨迹组：组1（稳定低风险，6.7%，0/1期）、组2（波动，15.8%，0/1 - 2期）、组3（稳定中等，52.8%，2期）、组4（进展，8.9%，至3/4期）和组5（稳定高风险，15.8%，3/4期），从0期（1.6%）、1期（12.3%）、2期（71.0%）、3期（5.8%）和4期（9.2%）的基线分布。采用UPLC-MS/MS法测定血清AGEs。结果较高的AGEs水平与CKM严重程度显著相关，每增加1-SD，晚期的可能性增加30% （95% CI: 10%-54%）。四分位数分析显示剂量-反应关系（Q2:1.66[1.15-2.41]; q2:1.67[1.12-2.48]; q2:1.92[1.31-2.81]）。纵向上，AGEs总分与2019 - 2022年CKM转变模式显著相关。组2、组3、组4、组5与组1的比值比（or）分别为1.61（1.06-2.45）、1.64（1.11-2.41）、1.71（1.07-2.73）、2.03（1.32-3.13）。这些研究结果表明，血清AGEs与CKM的严重程度和进展有关，可能作为CKM分期和干预目标的生物标志物。

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来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

2.20%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes (JDB) devotes itself to diabetes research, therapeutics, and education. It aims to involve researchers and practitioners in a dialogue between East and West via all aspects of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. The Editorial team is international with a unique mix of Asian and Western participation. The Editors welcome submissions in form of original research articles, images, novel case reports and correspondence, and will solicit reviews, point-counterpoint, commentaries, editorials, news highlights, and educational content.