Can high-throughput 3D and multispectral phenotyping detect early grapevine responses to water stress events?

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112725

Francesco Paladini , Davide Lucien Patono , Fernando De Palo, Alberto Acquadro , Claudio Lovisolo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phenotyping is pivotal in biological and agronomical research, enabling the characterization of phenotypic traits in living organisms. Recent advancements have led to the development of innovative platforms that enhance the precision of phenotyping, integrating genetic and ecophysiological analyses for a comprehensive understanding of plant growth under controlled conditions. These technologies are instrumental in studying plant responses to environmental stresses, such as drought, which disrupts water balance in plants. This study focuses on the adaptability of grafted grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) to drought stress, emphasizing the rootstock influence on scion performance. The experimental trial was performed at 'PhenoPlant,' a cutting-edge phenotyping platform at the University of Torino, DISAFA. PhenoPlant is a non-invasive, high-throughput tool that employs advanced technologies, including a PlantEye sensor for 3D vision and multispectral imaging, measurement of the potted-plant evapotranspiration by gravimetric technique, water potential assessment and Infra-Red Gas Analysis for leaf-to-atmosphere gas exchange detection. Grapevine responses to drought stress across eleven scion/rootstock combinations, featuring clones of Nebbiolo and Pinot Noir grafted onto rootstocks with varying drought tolerance were assessed. A 13-day drought-recovery experiment on grafted 1-year old plants, three months after in-pot-transplanting revealed significant differences in drought responses among rootstock/scion combinations. Drought-tolerant rootstocks (e.g., 1103 P, 110 R, 140Ru, M2) maintained stable spectrometric indices (e.g.: GLI, Green Leaf Index) mirroring morpho-physiological ones (e.g., Leaf Surface Angle - SA, Stomatal Conduction - gs, Stem Water Potential and Evapotranspiration), unlike their less tolerant counterparts (e.g., Kober 5BB, SO4, 420 A, Gravesac). In particular, after 10 days of water removal, a reduced variation in some traits was observed in tolerant combinations (SA: 39–44°; GLI ≈ 0.33–0.35; gs: 34.5–45.4 mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹), while decreasing markedly in sensitive ones (SA: 27–35°; GLI: 0.28–0.32; gs: 8.6–10.8 mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹), underscoring the rootstock's crucial role in drought response, independently from scion cultivar. These findings are vital for a fast and early assessment of multiple rootstock/scion combinations to optimize grapevine management and breeding programs for enhanced performance under water-limited conditions. Intrinsic limitations of the measurement system and aspects to be considered to export results from the platform to the vineyard are presented and discussed.

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高通量3D和多光谱表型能检测葡萄对水分胁迫事件的早期反应吗？

表型分型在生物学和农学研究中是至关重要的，它使生物体的表型特征得以表征。最近的进展导致了创新平台的发展，这些平台提高了表型的精度，整合了遗传和生态生理分析，以全面了解受控条件下的植物生长。这些技术有助于研究植物对环境胁迫的反应，如干旱，这破坏了植物的水分平衡。本研究着重研究了嫁接葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）对干旱胁迫的适应性，强调了砧木对接穗性能的影响。该试验是在都灵大学（University of Torino， DISAFA）的尖端表型平台“PhenoPlant”上进行的。PhenoPlant是一种非侵入性、高通量的工具，采用了先进的技术，包括用于3D视觉和多光谱成像的PlantEye传感器，通过重力测量技术测量盆栽植物的蒸散量，水势评估和用于叶片与大气气体交换检测的红外气体分析。通过11个接穗/砧木组合评估葡萄对干旱胁迫的响应，将内比奥罗和黑皮诺无性系嫁接到不同耐旱性的砧木上。盆栽后3个月嫁接1年生植株13天的干旱恢复试验显示，砧木/接穗组合对干旱的响应存在显著差异。耐旱砧木（如1103P、110R、140Ru、M2）保持稳定的光谱指标（如GLI、绿叶指数），反映了形态生理指标（如叶面角- SA、气孔传导- gs、茎水势和蒸散），而不耐旱砧木（如Kober 5BB、SO4、420A、Gravesac）。特别是，在脱水10天后，在耐水组合（SA: 39-44°；GLI≈0.33-0.35;gs: 34.5-45.4mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹）中观察到一些性状的变异减少，而在敏感组合（SA: 27-35°；GLI: 0.28-0.32; gs: 86 -10.8mmol H₂O·m⁻²·s⁻¹）中显著减少，强调了砧木在干旱反应中的关键作用，独立于接穗品种。这些发现对于快速和早期评估多种砧木/接穗组合，以优化葡萄管理和育种计划，在缺水条件下提高产量至关重要。介绍和讨论了测量系统的内在局限性以及将结果从平台输出到葡萄园需要考虑的方面。

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来源期刊

Plant Science 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

1.90%

发文量

322

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Plant Science will publish in the minimum of time, research manuscripts as well as commissioned reviews and commentaries recommended by its referees in all areas of experimental plant biology with emphasis in the broad areas of genomics, proteomics, biochemistry (including enzymology), physiology, cell biology, development, genetics, functional plant breeding, systems biology and the interaction of plants with the environment. Manuscripts for full consideration should be written concisely and essentially as a final report. The main criterion for publication is that the manuscript must contain original and significant insights that lead to a better understanding of fundamental plant biology. Papers centering on plant cell culture should be of interest to a wide audience and methods employed result in a substantial improvement over existing established techniques and approaches. Methods papers are welcome only when the technique(s) described is novel or provides a major advancement of established protocols.