Analyzing the Comprehension and Awareness of Peptic Ulcer Disease and Its Risk Factors among the Jazan Population, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by an ulcer in the gastric or duodenal mucosa, approximately 3-5 mm deep. This global health concern significantly impacts health and quality of life, necessitating increased public awareness for the prevention and control of its risk factors.

Materials and methods: The study employed a cross-sectional online questionnaire targeting 400 adults from Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Adapted from existing literature, the questionnaire was disseminated online. Data were organized using Excel and analyzed via SPSS Version 27, utilizing the Chi-square test to evaluate demographic factors' influence on awareness of PUD.

Results: Among participants, 310 (77.5%) correctly identified Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection as a common cause, and 205 (51.2%) acknowledged smoking as a risk factor. Awareness of H. pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as major contributors to PUD was noted in 181 (45.3%) participants. Furthermore, 221 (55.3%) understood that antibiotics and acid suppression therapy are viable treatment options. Overall, 249 (62.25%) participants demonstrated a good level of awareness. Significant associations were found between awareness levels and demographic factors, including age, education level, and occupation, with P < 0.05 (0.006*, 0.002*, and 0.001*, respectively).

Conclusion: The study highlights a considerable level of awareness about PUD among adults in Jazan, emphasizing the importance of targeted educational initiatives to further enhance understanding and prevention efforts.