Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of UDP-glycosyltransferases genes associated with secondary metabolism during grain development in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

IF 1.6 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI:10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100541

Adarsh Kumar, Theint Theint Tun, Vinay Kumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study focused on analysing the UDP-glycosyltransferase gene family in Pennisetum glaucum, which plays an essential role in plant metabolism and glycosylation of the secondary metabolites. We identified 191 UGTs by performing a BLASTp search against the available pearl millet genome, utilizing amino acid sequences of the conserved plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motif and already reported UGT genes from Arabidopsis and maize. Phylogenetic analysis categorized these genes into 18 groups (A–R), and their genomic distribution was mapped across 10 pearl millet chromosomes. Subcellular localization analysis showed that PglUGT proteins localized to the cytoplasm, chloroplast, and nucleus. Functional annotation was carried out by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of all the PglUGT genes for biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that a particular set of PglUGT genes are directly linked with secondary metabolite biosynthesis during seed development. Further, TLC analysis documented the presence of glycoside flavonoids (vitexin and orientin) during different grain development stages: just before milky stage (S1), milky stage (S2–3) and physiological mature (S4). Expression profiling of 20 randomly selected PglUGT genes across different grain developmental stages also showed the elevated expression during these stages, underscoring their potential roles in plant growth and grain development. In conclusion, this study documented the identification and characterization of UGT genes in genome of pearl millet and proposed the potential role of UGTs during seed development.

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珍珠粟（Pennisetum glaucum）籽粒发育次生代谢相关udp -糖基转移酶基因全基因组鉴定及表达分析

本研究重点分析了白盆草（Pennisetum glaucum）的udp -糖基转移酶基因家族，该基因在植物代谢和次生代谢产物的糖基化中起重要作用。我们利用保守的植物次生产物糖基转移酶（PSPG）基序的氨基酸序列和已经报道的来自拟南芥和玉米的UGT基因，对可用的珍珠粟基因组进行BLASTp搜索，鉴定出191个UGT。系统发育分析将这些基因分为18个类群（A-R），并确定了它们在10条珍珠粟染色体上的基因组分布。亚细胞定位分析表明，PglUGT蛋白定位于细胞质、叶绿体和细胞核。通过基因本体（Gene Ontology， GO）分析所有PglUGT基因的生物过程、细胞成分和分子功能，进行功能注释。此外，京都基因与基因组百科（KEGG）通路分析表明，一组特定的PglUGT基因与种子发育过程中次生代谢物的生物合成直接相关。此外，TLC分析记录了糖苷类黄酮（牡荆素和东方苷）在籽粒发育的不同阶段的存在：乳白色期（S1），乳白色期（S2-3）和生理成熟（S4）。随机选择的20个PglUGT基因在不同籽粒发育阶段的表达谱也显示出PglUGT基因在籽粒发育阶段的表达水平升高，揭示了其在植物生长和籽粒发育中的潜在作用。综上所述，本研究记录了珍珠谷子基因组中UGT基因的鉴定和特征，并提出了UGT在种子发育中的潜在作用。

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来源期刊

Plant Gene Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Plant Gene publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in plants, algae and other photosynthesizing organisms (e.g., cyanobacteria), and plant-associated microorganisms. Plant Gene strives to be a diverse plant journal and topics in multiple fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: Gene discovery and characterization, Gene regulation in response to environmental stress (e.g., salinity, drought, etc.), Genetic effects of transposable elements, Genetic control of secondary metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes. Herbal Medicine - regulation and medicinal properties of plant products, Plant hormonal signaling, Plant evolutionary genetics, molecular evolution, population genetics, and phylogenetics, Profiling of plant gene expression and genetic variation, Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., influence of endophytes on gene expression; horizontal gene transfer studies; etc.), Agricultural genetics - biotechnology and crop improvement.