The Efficacy of Traditional Surgery Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery in Non-Lactation Mastitis Patients: A Retrospective Data Analysis.

Abstract

Aim: This study comparatively analyzes the clinical efficacy and safety of traditional open surgery and minimally invasive approach for non-lactation mastitis using a retrospective cohort analysis. By assessing the impact of these surgical approaches on postoperative inflammatory indicators, recurrence rates, and recovery outcomes, the study intends to offer a scientific basis for optimizing clinical management strategies.

Methods: This study included 109 patients diagnosed with non-lactation mastitis who were treated at Jingmen Central Hospital between January 2018 and December 2023. The study cohort included 61 patients who received traditional surgery and 48 who underwent minimally invasive surgery. Diagnosis was confirmed via preoperative pathological examination, and all patients were followed for 12 months post-surgery. Collected data included patient demographics, surgical parameters (e.g., operation duration, length of hospital stay, and complication rates), inflammatory marker levels (Neutrophil Count [NC] and C-reactive Protein [CRP]), and recurrence rates. Inflammatory markers were evaluated on postoperative days 7 and 30. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of postoperative recurrence.

Results: The minimally invasive surgery group demonstrated apparent clinical advantages over the traditional surgery group. The levels of NC and CRP were significantly lower in the minimally invasive surgery group on both postoperative day 7 (p < 0.001) and day 30 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the minimally invasive group had a significantly lower recurrence rate (8.3%) compared to 32.8% in the traditional surgery group (p < 0.01). Additionally, patients in the minimally invasive group experienced shorter hospital stays (4.3 ± 1.2 days vs. 7.8 ± 2.4 days, p < 0.01) and a lower incidence of complications (4.17% vs. 16.39%, p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified minimally invasive surgery as an independent protective factor against recurrence (Exponentiated Beta (Exp(β)) = 0.24, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.069-0.832, p = 0.024).

Conclusions: Minimally invasive surgery offers significant advantages over traditional open surgery in managing non-lactation mastitis. It effectively reduces postoperative inflammatory marker levels and recurrence rates, shortens hospital stays, and lowers the incidence of complications, underscoring its role as a promising therapeutic modality for this condition.