Socioeconomic Deprivation Amplifies the Risk of Glaucoma From Ultrafine Particle Exposure: Evidence From the Retrospective Cohort Study

IF 4.2 1区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

American Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ajo.2025.08.029

Yanlin Qu , Guanran Zhang , Zhenyu Wu , Haoliang Zhang , Jiale Zhao , Zixiang Zhang , Yuchen Zhang , Xinyi Huang , Yuxuan Li , Huihuan Luo , Renjie Chen , Xiaodong Sun , Huixun Jia

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Evidence has revealed that socioeconomic deprivation (SED) could enhance the hazard of particulate matter on health. However, the relationship between SED, ultrafine particles (UFPs), and the development of glaucoma remains uninvestigated. We aim to estimate the association between UFPs, SED, and glaucoma. Additionally, the potential modifiers of this association are also explored.

DESIGN

A population-based retrospective cohort study.

PARTICIPANTS

This study contained 379,724 participants aged exceeded 50 years without glaucoma at baseline from the UK Biobank.

METHODS

UFPs were estimated with the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry model. SED was assessed via Townsend deprivation index (TDI), with higher scores indicating greater deprivation. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to evaluate the association between SED, UFPs, and glaucoma. Potential effect modifiers of UFP-glaucoma association were further explored.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The primary outcome was the development of glaucoma.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up of 12.6 years, 10,950 participants were diagnosed with glaucoma. Higher UFP exposure was positively associated with glaucoma risk, and this association was significantly enhanced among individuals with higher TDI (P_interaction = .004). Compared with the lowest quartile, the hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest quantile were 1.16 (1.08, 1.24) in total population, 1.10 (1.00, 1.21) in the low-TDI group, and 1.21 (1.09, 1.34) in the high-TDI groups. Stratified analyses showed that only greenness exposure attenuated the hazard of UFPs on glaucoma, with a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index higher than 0.6 reversing the association to nonsignificant, especially in the high-TDI group.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings provide the first evidence that SED enhances the detrimental effect of UFPs on glaucoma risk, exacerbating health inequality. Targeted strategies aimed at increasing greenness exposure may be effective in mitigating these disparities, especially in underdeveloped regions.

查看原文本刊更多论文

社会经济剥夺增加超细颗粒暴露导致青光眼的风险：来自回顾性队列研究的证据

目的：有证据表明，社会经济剥夺（SED）会增加颗粒物对健康的危害。然而，SED、超细颗粒（UFP）与青光眼发展之间的关系尚不清楚。我们的目的是估计UFP、SED和青光眼之间的关系。此外，还探讨了这种关联的潜在修饰因素。设计：以人群为基础的回顾性队列研究。参与者：本研究纳入了379724名年龄超过50岁且基线无青光眼的参与者，这些参与者来自英国生物银行。方法：采用ECHAM/凌乱大气化学模型估算UFP。通过汤森剥夺指数（TDI）对SED进行评估，得分越高表明剥夺程度越严重。采用Cox比例风险模型来评估SED、UFP和青光眼之间的关系。进一步探讨ufp -青光眼关联的潜在效应调节因子。主要。结果：测量：主要结果是青光眼的发展。结果：在中位随访12.6年期间，10,950名参与者被诊断为青光眼。较高的UFP暴露与青光眼风险呈正相关，且这种相关性在TDI较高的个体中显著增强（p - interaction = 0.004）。与最低四分位数相比，最高四分位数的危险比（hr）为1.16(1.08,1.24)，低TDI组为1.10(1.00,1.21)，高TDI组为1.21（1.09,1.34）。分层分析显示，只有绿色暴露降低了UFP对青光眼的危害，当NDVI超过0.6时，这种关联逆转为不显著，特别是在高TDI组。结论：我们的研究结果首次提供了SED增强UFP对青光眼风险的有害作用，加剧健康不平等的证据。旨在增加绿色暴露的有针对性的战略可能有效地缓解这些差距，特别是在不发达地区。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Ophthalmology 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

7.10%

发文量

406

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Ophthalmology is a peer-reviewed, scientific publication that welcomes the submission of original, previously unpublished manuscripts directed to ophthalmologists and visual science specialists describing clinical investigations, clinical observations, and clinically relevant laboratory investigations. Published monthly since 1884, the full text of the American Journal of Ophthalmology and supplementary material are also presented online at www.AJO.com and on ScienceDirect. The American Journal of Ophthalmology publishes Full-Length Articles, Perspectives, Editorials, Correspondences, Books Reports and Announcements. Brief Reports and Case Reports are no longer published. We recommend submitting Brief Reports and Case Reports to our companion publication, the American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports. Manuscripts are accepted with the understanding that they have not been and will not be published elsewhere substantially in any format, and that there are no ethical problems with the content or data collection. Authors may be requested to produce the data upon which the manuscript is based and to answer expeditiously any questions about the manuscript or its authors.