Prevalence of Autoimmune Gastritis Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Helicobacter Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI:10.1111/hel.70065

Meixuan Li, Yu Huang, Xiao Liang, Hong Lu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by the presence of anti-parietal cell antibody and progressive corpus-predominant atrophy. The global prevalence of AIG and its associated factors remain poorly understood. This study aimed to systematically estimate the prevalence of AIG worldwide and identify demographic and diagnostic factors influencing its variability.

Methods

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Medline, Scopus, and Embase from database inception until December 7, 2024. Prevalence was pooled using a random-effects model, and potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis.

Results

A total of 47 studies involving 15,817 individuals were included. The global prevalence of AIG was estimated at 3.85% (95% CI: 2.94–5.04, I² = 99.3%). Notable geographical variation was observed, with a prevalence of 4.94% in Europe (95% CI: 3.66–6.63), 2.23% in Asia (95% CI: 1.19–4.14), 2.82% in America (95% CI: 1.48–5.31), 8.46% in Africa (95% CI: 5.58–13.14) and 8.08% in Australia (95% CI: 4.69–12.79). The prevalence was highest when diagnosed by serological antibody (5.4%, 95% CI: 3.79–7.65), followed by histology (2.71%, 95% CI: 1.68–4.36) and combined serology and histology (1.81%, 95% CI: 0.80–4.07). Meta-regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between H. pylori infection and AIG prevalence.

Conclusions

This study estimated the global prevalence of AIG and underscored the significant geographical and methodological variability. Future studies of large-scale are still in urgent need to standardize the diagnostic criteria and further investigate risk factors, thus enhancing the understanding and management of AIG.

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全球自身免疫性胃炎的患病率：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

自身免疫性胃炎（AIG）是一种慢性免疫介导的疾病，其特征是存在抗顶壁细胞抗体和进行性主体萎缩。AIG的全球普遍性及其相关因素仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在系统地估计全球AIG的患病率，并确定影响其变异性的人口统计学和诊断因素。方法在本系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们检索了Medline、Scopus和Embase从数据库建立到2024年12月7日的文献。采用随机效应模型汇总患病率，并通过亚组分析和meta回归分析探讨潜在的异质性来源。结果共纳入47项研究，涉及15817人。全球AIG患病率估计为3.85% （95% CI: 2.94-5.04, I2 = 99.3%）。观察到显著的地理差异，欧洲患病率为4.94% (95% CI: 3.66-6.63)，亚洲患病率为2.23% (95% CI: 1.19-4.14)，美洲患病率为2.82% (95% CI: 1.48-5.31)，非洲患病率为8.46% (95% CI: 5.58-13.14)，澳大利亚患病率为8.08% （95% CI: 4.69-12.79）。血清学抗体诊断的患病率最高（5.4%,95% CI: 3.79 ~ 7.65），其次是组织学诊断（2.71%,95% CI: 1.68 ~ 4.36）和血清学与组织学联合诊断（1.81%,95% CI: 0.80 ~ 4.07）。meta回归分析显示幽门螺杆菌感染与AIG患病率呈正相关。结论本研究估计了AIG的全球患病率，并强调了显著的地理和方法差异。未来的大规模研究仍迫切需要规范诊断标准，进一步研究危险因素，从而提高对AIG的认识和管理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Helicobacter 医学-微生物学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Helicobacter is edited by Professor David Y Graham. The editorial and peer review process is an independent process. Whenever there is a conflict of interest, the editor and editorial board will declare their interests and affiliations. Helicobacter recognises the critical role that has been established for Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and primary gastric lymphoma. As new helicobacter species are now regularly being discovered, Helicobacter covers the entire range of helicobacter research, increasing communication among the fields of gastroenterology; microbiology; vaccine development; laboratory animal science.