Physicochemical characterization and risk assessment of indoor particulate matter in academic canteens: comparison with outdoor and insights from aerosol mass spectrometer

IF 3.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121490

Debayan Mandal , Abhishek Chakraborty , Shruti Tripathi , Sachchida Nand Tripathi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigates the physicochemical properties and potential health impacts of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in three canteens (C1, C2, and C3) within an academic cum residential campus. This study comprehensively evaluated PM_2.5 levels, chemical composition, and associated health risks. PM_2.5 concentrations were significantly elevated in the facilities, exceeding outdoor levels by 200–400 %. Aerosol mass and number size distributions exhibited lognormal patterns, with modes in the fine particle range (<2.5 μm). Mean organic carbon (OC) concentrations were 45.44 (±14.29) μg/m³, 23.96 (±5.58) μg/m³,and 23.58(±3.98) μg/m³ in the C1,C2, and C3 respectively. Elemental carbon (EC) levels were 10.61 (±2.24) μg/m³, 9.88 (±1.30) μg/m³, and 8. 58(±0.77) μg/m³ in C1, C2, and C3 respectively. Secondary organic carbon (SOC) was found to be less prevalent than primary organic carbon (POC) in all the canteens. Overall, PM_2.5 compositions were dominated by organics (>40 %) followed by elements and ions, though relative proportions varied significantly. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) constituted over 60 % of OC in the canteens and 50 % in the outdoor location. Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) analysis showed 8–9 times higher N/C ratios in the canteens compared to outdoor environments. Organic aerosol evolution also showed stark differences between canteens and outdoor environments. Elemental analysis revealed significant concentrations of toxic and carcinogenic elements in canteens. The total respiratory deposited dose (TRDD) was found to be approximately 3 times higher in C1, 2 times higher in C2, and 1.5 times higher in C3 compared to the outdoor location. This comprehensive study of indoor particulate matter in canteens provides novel and crucial insights into air quality and potential health implications in these unique microenvironments.

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学术食堂室内颗粒物的物理化学特征和风险评估：与室外的比较和气溶胶质谱仪的见解

本研究调查了一个学术兼住宿校园内三个食堂（C1， C2和C3）的细颗粒物（PM2.5）的物理化学性质和潜在的健康影响。这项研究全面评估了PM2.5水平、化学成分和相关的健康风险。设施内的PM2.5浓度显著升高，比室外水平高出200%至400%。气溶胶的质量和数量大小分布呈对数正态分布，模态在细颗粒范围（<2.5 μm）内。C1、C2和C3的平均有机碳浓度分别为45.44（±14.29）、23.96（±5.58）和23.58（±3.98）μg/m3。单质碳（EC）含量分别为10.61（±2.24）μg/m3、9.88（±1.30）μg/m3和8。C1、C2、C3分别为58（±0.77）μg/m3。二级有机碳（SOC）的含量低于初级有机碳（POC）。总体而言，PM2.5成分以有机物为主（占40%），其次是元素和离子，但相对比例差异较大。水溶性有机碳（WSOC）在食堂中占60%以上，在室外占50%。气溶胶质谱仪（AMS）分析表明，食堂的氮碳比比室外环境高8-9倍。有机气溶胶的演变也显示出食堂和室外环境之间的明显差异。元素分析显示，食堂中有毒和致癌元素的浓度很高。总呼吸沉积剂量（TRDD）在C1区比室外高约3倍，在C2区高2倍，在C3区高1.5倍。这项对食堂室内颗粒物的综合研究为这些独特微环境中的空气质量和潜在健康影响提供了新颖而重要的见解。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

8.00%

发文量

458

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Environment has an open access mirror journal Atmospheric Environment: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.