Genotype-dependent stratification of tomato for Sclerotium rolfsii resistance using physiological, biochemical, and pathogenicity indices

IF 3.3 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI:10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102890

Muhammad Jarrar Ahmed, Amna Shoaib

{"title":"Genotype-dependent stratification of tomato for Sclerotium rolfsii resistance using physiological, biochemical, and pathogenicity indices","authors":"Muhammad Jarrar Ahmed, Amna Shoaib","doi":"10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102890","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sclerotium rolfsii</em> is a disastrous soil-borne pathogen causing stem rot in tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>), leading to acute yield losses under warm and humid conditions. This study aimed to characterize <em>S. rolfsii</em> and systematically evaluate the resistance potential of twenty tomato genotypes through integrated morphological, physiological, biochemical, and pathogenicity-based assays. Genotypes were assessed under greenhouse conditions for disease incidence, cumulative severity index, and shoot–root growth. Five genotypes (e.g., Nadir, AUT-309) were categorized as highly resistant, while two genotypes Nagina and Rio Grande, exhibited high susceptibility (DI = 65–75 %) and severe growth suppression (40–60 %). Resistant genotypes retained photosynthetic pigment levels and displayed significant increases in phenolics (up to 71 %) and antioxidant enzymes (PPO up to 200 %, POX up to 80 %, CAT up to 70 %). In contrast, susceptible genotypes exhibited lessened biochemical responses and pigment degradation. Detached leaf and fruit assays supported these trends, with higher necrosis and fungal colonization in susceptible genotypes. Correlation and cluster analyses revealed strong positive associations among PPO, POX, PHE, and TPC in resistant groups, establishing these as main resistance indicators. This integrative assessment provides critical insights into genotype-dependent defense strategies and highlights candidate lines for breeding durable collar rot resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20046,"journal":{"name":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 102890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885576525003297","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii is a disastrous soil-borne pathogen causing stem rot in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), leading to acute yield losses under warm and humid conditions. This study aimed to characterize S. rolfsii and systematically evaluate the resistance potential of twenty tomato genotypes through integrated morphological, physiological, biochemical, and pathogenicity-based assays. Genotypes were assessed under greenhouse conditions for disease incidence, cumulative severity index, and shoot–root growth. Five genotypes (e.g., Nadir, AUT-309) were categorized as highly resistant, while two genotypes Nagina and Rio Grande, exhibited high susceptibility (DI = 65–75 %) and severe growth suppression (40–60 %). Resistant genotypes retained photosynthetic pigment levels and displayed significant increases in phenolics (up to 71 %) and antioxidant enzymes (PPO up to 200 %, POX up to 80 %, CAT up to 70 %). In contrast, susceptible genotypes exhibited lessened biochemical responses and pigment degradation. Detached leaf and fruit assays supported these trends, with higher necrosis and fungal colonization in susceptible genotypes. Correlation and cluster analyses revealed strong positive associations among PPO, POX, PHE, and TPC in resistant groups, establishing these as main resistance indicators. This integrative assessment provides critical insights into genotype-dependent defense strategies and highlights candidate lines for breeding durable collar rot resistance.

查看原文本刊更多论文

利用生理、生化和致病性指标对番茄菌核菌抗性进行基因型依赖分层

罗氏菌核菌是一种引起番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）茎腐病的灾难性土传病原体，在温暖和潮湿的条件下导致急性产量损失。本研究旨在通过形态学、生理、生化和致病性的综合分析，对20个番茄基因型的抗性潜力进行系统评价。在温室条件下对基因型进行了疾病发病率、累积严重性指数和茎根生长的评估。5个基因型（如Nadir、ut -309）被归类为高抗性，而两个基因型Nagina和里约热内卢Grande表现出高敏感性（DI = 65 - 75%）和严重的生长抑制（40 - 60%）。抗性基因型保留了光合色素水平，并显示出酚类物质（高达71%）和抗氧化酶（PPO高达200%，POX高达80%，CAT高达70%）显著增加。相反，敏感基因型表现出较弱的生化反应和色素降解。离体叶片和果实分析支持这些趋势，易感基因型的坏死和真菌定植较高。相关分析和聚类分析显示耐药组PPO、POX、PHE和TPC呈正相关，确定这些指标为主要耐药指标。这一综合评估为基因型依赖的防御策略提供了重要见解，并突出了培育持久抗领腐病的候选品系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

130

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology provides an International forum for original research papers, reviews, and commentaries on all aspects of the molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, histology and cytology, genetics and evolution of plant-microbe interactions. Papers on all kinds of infective pathogen, including viruses, prokaryotes, fungi, and nematodes, as well as mutualistic organisms such as Rhizobium and mycorrhyzal fungi, are acceptable as long as they have a bearing on the interaction between pathogen and plant.