Xin Xing , Kun Han , Xu Zhou , Congcong Shi , Yujuan Zhang , Shengmao Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Wenbin Kan
{"title":"Controlled synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles and their tribological effects on micro-pitting and sliding wear","authors":"Xin Xing , Kun Han , Xu Zhou , Congcong Shi , Yujuan Zhang , Shengmao Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Wenbin Kan","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2025.206278","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the good disperse and particle size adjustability of cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were achieved by solvothermal secondary growth method. The micro-pitting resistance of three CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (1.85 nm, 2.85 nm, 4.22 nm) in polyalphaolefin (PAO) and gear oil was evaluated by reciprocating step loading method. The results showed that micro-pitting corrosion occurred in base oil lubrication from low load to high load (150 N–350 N). After adding CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, at low load (150 N), 2.85 nm and 4.22 nm CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles formed a discontinuous CeO<sub>2</sub> tribofilm through shear sintering to reduce the surface shear force and produce significant anti-wear effect. The 1.85 nm CeO<sub>2</sub> has a friction-reducing and anti-wear effect through direct contact with isolated friction pairs. The formation of micro-pitting corrosion is inhibited by the three particle sizes, and the anti-wear performance decreases with the increase of particle size. Under the condition of high load (350 N), the discontinuous single CeO<sub>2</sub> tribofilm spillage due to its limited load capacity, which leads to increased wear and inhibits the formation of micro-pitting. Under the condition of high load (550 N), the formula oil has a micro-pitting phenomenon. After adding CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, a composite tribofilm containing cerium phosphate and CeO<sub>2</sub> is formed through tribochemical reaction with phosphorous additives, which greatly improves the bearing capacity and anti-wear ability of the tribofilm. Even under the condition of 550 N high load, the three particle sizes of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles have significant anti-wear effect and low friction properties, and all inhibit the formation of micro-pitting corrosion, among which 2.85 nm particle size of CeO<sub>2</sub> has the best anti-wear ability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 206278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wear","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043164825005472","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this paper, the good disperse and particle size adjustability of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles were achieved by solvothermal secondary growth method. The micro-pitting resistance of three CeO2 nanoparticles (1.85 nm, 2.85 nm, 4.22 nm) in polyalphaolefin (PAO) and gear oil was evaluated by reciprocating step loading method. The results showed that micro-pitting corrosion occurred in base oil lubrication from low load to high load (150 N–350 N). After adding CeO2 nanoparticles, at low load (150 N), 2.85 nm and 4.22 nm CeO2 nanoparticles formed a discontinuous CeO2 tribofilm through shear sintering to reduce the surface shear force and produce significant anti-wear effect. The 1.85 nm CeO2 has a friction-reducing and anti-wear effect through direct contact with isolated friction pairs. The formation of micro-pitting corrosion is inhibited by the three particle sizes, and the anti-wear performance decreases with the increase of particle size. Under the condition of high load (350 N), the discontinuous single CeO2 tribofilm spillage due to its limited load capacity, which leads to increased wear and inhibits the formation of micro-pitting. Under the condition of high load (550 N), the formula oil has a micro-pitting phenomenon. After adding CeO2 nanoparticles, a composite tribofilm containing cerium phosphate and CeO2 is formed through tribochemical reaction with phosphorous additives, which greatly improves the bearing capacity and anti-wear ability of the tribofilm. Even under the condition of 550 N high load, the three particle sizes of CeO2 nanoparticles have significant anti-wear effect and low friction properties, and all inhibit the formation of micro-pitting corrosion, among which 2.85 nm particle size of CeO2 has the best anti-wear ability.
期刊介绍:
Wear journal is dedicated to the advancement of basic and applied knowledge concerning the nature of wear of materials. Broadly, topics of interest range from development of fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of wear to innovative solutions to practical engineering problems. Authors of experimental studies are expected to comment on the repeatability of the data, and whenever possible, conduct multiple measurements under similar testing conditions. Further, Wear embraces the highest standards of professional ethics, and the detection of matching content, either in written or graphical form, from other publications by the current authors or by others, may result in rejection.