Establishment of High-Altitude Reference Values for the Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value in Healthy Adults Living in Mexico City

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103281

Luis M Amezcua-Guerra , Malinalli Brianza-Padilla , Mireya Martínez-García , Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Esparza

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) is a novel composite biomarker that combines neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, and lymphocyte counts. It is useful for prognostic stratification across various clinical conditions. However, reference values for PIV have predominantly been established in populations living below 1000 m, which limits its applicability in high-altitude regions.

Aim

To establish reference values for PIV and its hematological components in healthy adults living in Mexico City.

Methods

Data from the Tlalpan 2020 cohort, a prospective study of healthy adults aged 20–50 from Mexico City, were analyzed. Reference values were determined following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, with stratification by sex.

Results

A total of 2290 participants (63% women) with a mean age of 37.0 ± 9.1 years were included. The mean PIV was 249.6 ± 416.9, which decreased to 221.9 ± 332.2 after excluding outliers. Significant sex differences were observed, with women exhibiting higher PIV values. The reference ranges for the total cohort were 65.8–491.6, with sex-specific ranges of 66.7–519.1 for women and 62.8–441.3 for men. Women also had higher reference values for neutrophils and platelets, while monocytes and lymphocytes were similar between sexes.

Conclusions

This study provides high-altitude-specific reference values for PIV and its components in Mexico City’s population, which are notably lower than those in low-altitude regions. The observed sex differences highlight the importance of considering sex as a biological variable when interpreting immunoinflammatory biomarkers.

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墨西哥城健康成人泛免疫炎症值高海拔参考值的建立

泛免疫炎症值（PIV）是一种结合中性粒细胞、单核细胞、血小板和淋巴细胞计数的新型复合生物标志物。它对不同临床状况的预后分层是有用的。然而，PIV的参考值主要是在1000米以下的人群中建立的，这限制了其在高海拔地区的适用性。目的建立墨西哥城健康成人PIV及其血液学指标的参考值。方法分析来自Tlalpan 2020队列的数据，这是一项来自墨西哥城的20-50岁健康成年人的前瞻性研究。参考值是根据临床和实验室标准协会的指南确定的，并按性别分层。结果共纳入2290例受试者，其中女性63%，平均年龄37.0±9.1岁。平均PIV为249.6±416.9，剔除异常值后降至221.9±332.2。观察到显著的性别差异，女性表现出更高的PIV值。整个队列的参考范围为65.8-491.6，女性为66.7-519.1，男性为62.8-441.3。女性中性粒细胞和血小板的参考值也更高，而单核细胞和淋巴细胞的参考值在两性之间相似。结论本研究提供了墨西哥城人口PIV及其成分的高海拔特异性参考值，该参考值明显低于低海拔地区。观察到的性别差异强调了在解释免疫炎症生物标志物时将性别作为生物学变量考虑的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学：研究与实验

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.