Diagnosis of Leishmania donovani infection via bronchoalveolar lavage fluid next-generation sequencing:A case report

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117067

Xiaoran Jia , Yuanyuan Zheng , Dan Li, Jiangping Cai, Jiahuai Yang, Qianbiao Rao, Xiulin Ye

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Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis usually presents with fever, weight loss, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and anemia. Its diagnosis relies on etiological examination, typically by detecting Leishmania parasites in smears of bone marrow, splenic, or lymph node aspirates. We report a case of Leishmania infection presenting predominantly as interstitial pneumonia. The patient showed no significant improvement in pulmonary lesions after empirical antibiotic therapy. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) detected Leishmania donovani species complex. The pulmonary lesions gradually resolved following standard treatment with amphotericin B colloidal dispersion. Through a comprehensive review of previous studies, we examined the pulmonary manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis, encompassing both interstitial pneumonia and secondary parasitic lung infections. Based on our findings, we emphasize the need for enhanced clinical recognition of visceral leishmaniasis-related pulmonary complications among healthcare professionals. Furthermore, we addressed the limitations of this case report.

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支气管肺泡灌洗液新一代测序诊断多诺瓦利什曼原虫感染1例

内脏利什曼病通常表现为发热、体重减轻、脾和肝肿大以及贫血。该病的诊断依赖于病原学检查，通常是在骨髓、脾或淋巴结抽吸物涂片中检测利什曼原虫。我们报告一例利什曼原虫感染主要表现为间质性肺炎。经经验性抗生素治疗后，患者肺部病变无明显改善。支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）靶向新一代测序（tNGS）检测多诺瓦利什曼原虫（Leishmania donovani）。经两性霉素B胶体分散剂标准治疗后，肺部病变逐渐消退。通过对以往研究的全面回顾，我们检查了内脏利什曼病的肺部表现，包括间质性肺炎和继发性肺部寄生虫感染。基于我们的研究结果，我们强调需要加强医疗保健专业人员对内脏利什曼病相关肺部并发症的临床认识。此外，我们还讨论了本病例报告的局限性。

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来源期刊

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.40%

发文量

149

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease keeps you informed of the latest developments in clinical microbiology and the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Packed with rigorously peer-reviewed articles and studies in bacteriology, immunology, immunoserology, infectious diseases, mycology, parasitology, and virology, the journal examines new procedures, unusual cases, controversial issues, and important new literature. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease distinguished independent editorial board, consisting of experts from many medical specialties, ensures you extensive and authoritative coverage.