From Diagnosis to Discharge: Case of a Giant Occipital Encephalocele.

Abstract

Occipital encephalocele, a rare and unique congenital brain malformation, occurs when a portion of the brain and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protrudes through a defect in the bony structure of the skull. This herniation of CSF and brain tissue is usually contained within a skin-covered sac. When an occipital encephalocele measures larger than the circumference of the head, it is classified as a giant occipital encephalocele. This article presents a case study of a neonate affected by a giant occipital encephalocele. We follow with a discussion of risk factors, applicable pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management strategies. A discussion of the implications of the disease on care providers and the family unit is included to highlight the importance of integrating the family as a critical member of the health care team.