Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in school going children of Meghalaya - An echocardiographic study from Northeast of India.

IF 1.8 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Indian heart journal Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ihj.2025.08.002

Manish Kapoor, W Valerie Lyngdoh, Arun Kumar Gunasekaran, Vanlalsawmdawngliana Fanai, Devinder Toor, Pinak Pani Das, Denzelle Lyngdoh, Anuradha Chakraborti, Vivek Sagar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: The lack of data related to the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in Meghalaya, India prompted us to assess the prevalence of RHD in school-going children of Meghalaya aged 5-15 years and risk factors associated with it.

Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was performed using World Heart Federation (WHF) echocardiographic criteria with a portable echo machine.

Results: 4039 children (mean age 10.18 ± 2.87 years) underwent 2D echocardiographic screening. Among them, 2100 (52.0 %) were aged 5-10 years and 1939 (48.0 %) were aged 11-15 years. Of them, 2066 (51.1 %) were female and 2488 (61.6 %) resided in rural areas. 652 (16.1 %) children were in government-run schools, 1836 (45.5 %) in private institutions. The cohort's mean BMI was 16.94 ± 2.52. Ethnically, 3818 children (94.5 %) belonged to indigenous tribes-Khasi (61.9 %), Jaintia (21.7 %), and Garo (10.9 %)-while 221 (5.5 %) were from non-native groups. Echocardiography identified subclinical RHD in 19 children (4.7 per 1000) and clinical RHD in 2 children (0.49 per 1000). Among subclinical cases, 8 were classified as definite RHD (1.98 per 1000) and 11 as borderline RHD (2.72 per 1000). RHD risk increased with age (OR = 1.16; 95 % CI: 0.98-1.37), was approximately twofold higher in females (OR = 2.07; 95 % CI: 0.79-5.47), and was more prevalent among rural children and those attending government schools.

Conclusion: Subclinical RHD prevalence in Meghalaya's children is significantly higher than clinical RHD. These findings highlight the need for a national registry to monitor subclinical cases and evaluate the impact of future interventions.

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梅加拉亚邦学龄儿童风湿性心脏病患病率——来自印度东北部的超声心动图研究

目的：由于缺乏与印度梅加拉亚邦风湿性心脏病（RHD）患病率相关的数据，促使我们评估梅加拉亚邦5-15岁学龄儿童RHD患病率及其相关的危险因素。方法：采用便携式超声机，采用世界心脏联合会（WHF）超声心动图标准进行横断面流行病学研究。结果：4039例儿童（平均年龄10.18±2.87岁）接受了二维超声心动图筛查。其中5 ~ 10岁2100例（52.0%），11 ~ 15岁1939例（48.0%）。其中女性2066人（51.1%），农村2488人（61.6%）。652名（16.1%）儿童在公立学校就读，1836名（45.5%）儿童在私立学校就读。该队列的平均BMI为16.94±2.52。在种族上，3818名儿童（94.5%）属于土著部落——卡西族（61.9%）、耆那亚族（21.7%）和加罗族（10.9%）——221名儿童（5.5%）来自非土著群体。超声心动图鉴定亚临床RHD为19例（4.7 / 1000），临床RHD为2例（0.49 / 1000）。在亚临床病例中，8例为明确RHD(1.98 / 1000)， 11例为边缘性RHD（2.72 / 1000）。RHD风险随年龄增加而增加(OR = 1.16；95% CI: 0.98-1.37)，在女性中大约高出两倍(OR = 2.07；95% CI: 0.79-5.47)，并且在农村儿童和公立学校学生中更为普遍。结论：梅加拉亚邦儿童亚临床RHD患病率明显高于临床RHD患病率。这些发现强调需要建立一个国家登记系统来监测亚临床病例并评估未来干预措施的影响。

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来源期刊

Indian heart journal CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-

CiteScore

2.60

自引率

6.70%

发文量

审稿时长

52 days

期刊介绍： Indian Heart Journal (IHJ) is the official peer-reviewed open access journal of Cardiological Society of India and accepts articles for publication from across the globe. The journal aims to promote high quality research and serve as a platform for dissemination of scientific information in cardiology with particular focus on South Asia. The journal aims to publish cutting edge research in the field of clinical as well as non-clinical cardiology - including cardiovascular medicine and surgery. Some of the topics covered are Heart Failure, Coronary Artery Disease, Hypertension, Interventional Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery, Valvular Heart Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension and Infective Endocarditis. IHJ open access invites original research articles, research briefs, perspective, case reports, case vignette, cardiovascular images, cardiovascular graphics, research letters, correspondence, reader forum, and interesting photographs, for publication. IHJ open access also publishes theme-based special issues and abstracts of papers presented at the annual conference of the Cardiological Society of India.